An object of the present invention is to find a cationic electrodeposition coating composition excellent in coating composition stability, finished appearance, and corrosion resistance, and to provide a coated article excellent in these coating film properties. The present invention provides a cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a polyester resin (A), an amino group-containing epoxy resin (B), and a blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (C), the polyester resin (A) being present in an amount of 3 to 40 mass %, the amino group-containing epoxy resin (B) being present in an amount of 20 to 60 mass %, and the blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (C) being present in an amount of 10 to 40 mass %, based on the total mass of the components (A), (B), and (C) on a solids basis, wherein the solubility parameter δA of the component (A) and the solubility parameter δB of the component (B) satisfy the relationship |δA−δB|<1.0.

An object of the present invention is to find a cationic electrodeposition coating composition excellent in coating composition stability, finished appearance, and corrosion resistance, and to provide a coated article excellent in these coating film properties. The present invention provides a cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a polyester resin (A), an amino group-containing epoxy resin (B), and a blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (C), the polyester resin (A) being present in an amount of 3 to 40 mass %, the amino group-containing epoxy resin (B) being present in an amount of 20 to 60 mass %, and the blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (C) being present in an amount of 10 to 40 mass %, based on the total mass of the components (A), (B), and (C) on a solids basis, wherein the solubility parameter δA of the component (A) and the solubility parameter δB of the component (B) satisfy the relationship |δA−δB|<1.0.

The present invention provides a curing catalyst which promotes a reaction between a hydroxyalkyl amide-based curing agent and a carboxy group-containing resin, especially curing of a carboxy group-containing resin-based powder coating material using a hydroxyalkyl amide-based curing agent, and in particular, curing of a polyester resin-based powder coating material. A curing catalyst which promotes a reaction between a carboxy group-containing resin and a compound that has a β-hydroxyalkyl amide group, said curing catalyst containing a compound that contains, as a metal atom, at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Cr, V, Fe, Co, Ni, Ga, Zr, In, Ba, Ce and Bi. It is preferable that the metal atom is an Mo atom. An Al atom may be included as the metal atom.

A polyester is formed by reacting a plurality of monomers. The monomers include 7 to 20 parts by mole of (a) aliphatic triol monomer, 40 to 80 parts by mole of (b) first diol monomer, 12 to 40 parts by mole of (c) second diol monomer, and 100 parts by mole of (d) aliphatic diacid monomer or aliphatic anhydride monomer. The (b) first diol monomer has a chemical structure of

##STR00001##

wherein each R.sup.1 is the same. The (c) second diol monomer has a chemical structure of

##STR00002##

wherein R.sup.6 is different from R.sup.7.

This invention relates to an article of manufacture comprising at least one flexible substrate coated with at least one curable composition comprising: I. a first component (I) comprising at least one resin having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of β-ketoester and malonate functional groups, II. a second component (II) comprising at least one curing agent having at least one aldehyde functional group, and III. a third component (III) comprising at least one compound having amine functionality, salts thereof, or combinations thereof.

This invention relates to an article of manufacture comprising at least one flexible substrate coated with at least one curable composition comprising: I. a first component (I) comprising at least one resin having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of β-ketoester and malonate functional groups, II. a second component (II) comprising at least one curing agent having at least one aldehyde functional group, and III. a third component (III) comprising at least one compound having amine functionality, salts thereof, or combinations thereof.

A system for applying a coating composition is provided herein. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a reservoir. The system further includes a substrate defining a first target area and a second target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator and the second high transfer efficiency applicator are configured to receive the coating composition from the reservoir and configured to expel the coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the first target area of the substrate and to expel the coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the second target area of the substrate.

A system for applying a coating composition is provided herein. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a reservoir. The system further includes a substrate defining a first target area and a second target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator and the second high transfer efficiency applicator are configured to receive the coating composition from the reservoir and configured to expel the coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the first target area of the substrate and to expel the coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the second target area of the substrate.

A latex particle comprises an interior core and an outer shell. The core comprises an acrylic or vinyl polymer, and the shell comprises a water soluble alkyd polymer and at least one surfactant. Substantially all or all of the alkyd polymer is present in the shell of the latex particle and substantially none or none or the alkyd polymer is present in the core of the latex particle. Also described is a process for making the latex particle wherein the water soluble alkyd polymer is present as a co-surfactant during polymerization.

Polyester compositions are disclosed herein, as well as methods of making and using such polyesters. In some embodiments, the polyesters are formed from monomers derived from natural oils. In some embodiments, the polyesters are highly branched polymers, such as highly branched polymers that have low viscosity at higher molecular weights.