A method of coating a surface with an antimicrobial coating comprises spray-coating a mixture of 3-aminopropylsilane triol and triethanolamine on the surface. The coating is capable of reducing the number of Murine norovirus and E. coli inoculated on the dried coating. In various examples, the method further comprises the step of spray-coating a mixture of peroxotitanium acid and peroxo-modified anatase sol on the surface. The compositions may be electrostatically sprayed on the surface, and in certain examples, a mixture of silanol and triethanolamine is spray-coated on the surface followed by an aqueous mixture of peroxotitanium acid and peroxo-modified anatase sol.

A method of forming an oxide layer, the method including forming a first material layer on a semiconductor substrate, the first material layer including a polysiloxane material, wherein, from among SiH.sub.1, SiH.sub.2, and SiH.sub.3 bonds included in the polysiloxane material, a percentage of SiH.sub.2 bonds ranges from about 40% to about 90%, performing a first annealing process on the first material layer in an inert atmosphere, and performing a second annealing process on the first material layer in an oxidative atmosphere.

A flexible display device including a hard coating layer, the hard coating layer containing first hard coating oligomers, second hard coating oligomers having greater molecular weights than the first hard coating oligomers, a cross-linker, and a photoinitiator. The first hard coating oligomers may maintain the hardness of the hard coating layer and the second hard coating oligomers may improve the flexibility of the hard coating layer, such that damage to the hard coating layer may be prevented or reduced even when the flexible display device is bent.

A flexible display device including a hard coating layer, the hard coating layer containing first hard coating oligomers, second hard coating oligomers having greater molecular weights than the first hard coating oligomers, a cross-linker, and a photoinitiator. The first hard coating oligomers may maintain the hardness of the hard coating layer and the second hard coating oligomers may improve the flexibility of the hard coating layer, such that damage to the hard coating layer may be prevented or reduced even when the flexible display device is bent.

A coating composition comprising an acid functional acrylic resin and a silane modified compound is disclosed. Substrates coated at least in part with such coatings are also disclosed.

Described herein are glass articles and methods of making glass articles, comprising a thin sheet and a carrier, wherein the thin sheet and carrier or bonded together using a coating layer, which is preferably an organosiloxane polymer coating layer, and associated deposition methods and inert gas treatments that may be applied on the thin sheet, the carrier, or both, to control van der Waals, hydrogen and covalent bonding between the thin sheet and the carrier. The coating layer bonds the thin sheet and carrier together to prevent a permanent bond at high temperature processing while at the same time maintaining a sufficient bond to prevent delamination during high temperature processing.

A low-reflection coated glass sheet of the present invention includes a glass sheet and a low-reflection coating. The low-reflection coating is formed on at least a portion of one principal surface of the glass sheet and contains a binder containing silica as a main component, fine silica particles bound by the binder, and fine titania particles bound by the binder. The low-reflection coating satisfies the following relationships: 30 mass %<C.sub.SP<68 mass %; 12 mass %C.sub.TP<50 mass %; 20 mass %<C.sub.Binder<43.75 mass %; C.sub.TP/C.sub.Binder0.6; C.sub.Binder<25 mass % in the case of C.sub.SP55 mass %; and C.sub.TP>20 mass % in the case of C.sub.SP<55 mass %. The low-reflection coated glass sheet has a transmittance gain of 2.0% or more.

A ceramic electronic component that includes a ceramic element, and a coating film and external electrodes that are provided on the surface of the ceramic element. The coating film is selectively formed on the surface of the ceramic element by applying, to the ceramic electronic component, a resin-containing solution containing at least one anion of a sulfuric acid, a sulfonic acid, a carboxylic acid, a phosphoric acid, a phosphoric acid, and a hydrofluoric acid.

A laminated resin film, comprising a first resin film, and a second resin film laminated on/over at least one surface of the first resin film to interpose an adhesive layer between the surface and the second resin film, wherein an adhesion surface of at least one of the first resin film and the second resin film comprises a compound represented by general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X is a functional group containing a reactive group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, aryl group or heterocyclic group that may have a substituent, and the compound represented by the general formula (1) is interposed at either one or both of a position between the first resin film and the adhesive layer, and a position between the second resin film and the adhesive layer.

A method of preparing an antimicrobial coating comprises coating a surface with an aqueous mixture of 3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyl dimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and triethanolamine and then coating the surface with an aqueous titanyl sol-gel solution comprising an aqueous mixture of peroxotitanium acid and peroxo-modified anatase sol overtop of the silane to form the antimicrobial coating. The antimicrobial coating exhibits residual antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli and S. epidermidis after water rinsing or after abrasion. The use of 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane was found to improve storage stability of the quaternary silane composition and the durability of the antimicrobial coating.