A dimpled jacket botanical extraction vessel contains a quantity of fluid and biological material to extract resin from the biological material. The dimpled jacket botanical extraction vessel includes a fluid tank, a plurality of air inlets, an air relief valve, a resin outlet, and a dimple jacket. The fluid tank is the vessel where the extraction of resin occurs. The plurality of air inlets is connected to the fluid tank to agitate the contents of the fluid tank. The air relief valve maintains the pressure within the fluid tank below a pressure ceiling threshold. The resin outlet is connected to the fluid tank to allow the produced resin to drain from the fluid tank. The dimple jacket maintains an optimal temperature for the contents within the fluid tank to degrade the biological material into resin compounds.

Precipitated bacterial capsular polysaccharides can be efficiently re-solubilized using alcohols as solvents. The invention provides a process for purifying a bacterial capsular polysaccharide, comprising the steps of (a) precipitation of said polysaccharide, followed by (b) solubilization of the precipitated polysaccharide using ethanol. CTAB can be used for step (a). The material obtained, preferably following hydrolysis and sizing, can be conjugated to a carrier protein and formulated as a vaccine. Also, in vaccines comprising saccharides from both serogroups A and C, the invention provides that the ratio (w/w) of MenA saccharide:MenC saccharide is >1.

Precipitated bacterial capsular polysaccharides can be efficiently re-solubilized using alcohols as solvents. The invention provides a process for purifying a bacterial capsular polysaccharide, comprising the steps of (a) precipitation of said polysaccharide, followed by (b) solubilization of the precipitated polysaccharide using ethanol. CTAB can be used for step (a). The material obtained, preferably following hydrolysis and sizing, can be conjugated to a carrier protein and formulated as a vaccine. Also, in vaccines comprising saccharides from both serogroups A and C, the invention provides that the ratio (w/w) of MenA saccharide:MenC saccharide is >1.

Fouling rate inhibition for a hydrogenation reactor. A hydrocarbon hydrogenation method comprises passing a liquid feedstream through a magnetic field to separate magnetically susceptible particles, and introducing the magnetically lean stream into a fixed catalyst bed under hydrogenation conditions to saturate carbon-carbon double bonds in the hydrocarbon. Also, a hydrogenation reactor system comprises a magnetic conditioning zone, an inlet flow path to introduce a magnetically lean stream from the magnetic conditioning zone into a fixed catalyst bed and an outlet flow path from an outlet end of the catalyst bed to withdraw reactor effluent.

Precipitated bacterial capsular polysaccharides can be efficiently re-solubilised using alcohols as solvents. The invention provides a process for purifying a bacterial capsular polysaccharide, comprising the steps of (a) precipitation of said polysaccharide, followed by (b) solubilisation of the precipitated polysaccharide using ethanol. CTAB can be used for step (a). The material obtained, preferably following hydrolysis and sizing, can be conjugated to a carrier protein and formulated as a vaccine. Also, in vaccines comprising saccharides from both serogroups A and C, the invention provides that the ratio (w/w) of Men A saccharide: MenC saccharide is >1.