An apparatus is configured with a component having a coating comprising a material in a first phase (e.g., solid and/or liquid phase) with a transition temperature. The component is mechanically and/or electrically attached to a substrate. Exposure of the coating to a temperature that meets or exceeds the transition temperature causes the material to undergo a phase change. The phase change of the material alters the position of the component, including separation of the component from the substrate. The separation disrupts the attachment, thereby mitigating damage to the substrate and/or component.

A polymer composition that contains a polyamide is provided. The composition exhibits a Charpy unnotched impact strength of about 5 kJ/m.sup.2 or more as measured at a temperature of 23 C. according to ISO Test No. 179-1:2010 and an in-plane thermal conductivity of about 15 W/m-K or more as determined in accordance with ASTM E 1461-13.

Provided is a latent heat transfer material that is micro-encapsulated, said material exhibiting superior mechanical strength and heat resistance. A production method for the latent heat transfer material that is micro-encapsulated in a hard shell comprises: 1) a step in which a perforate hollow silica particle is manufactured; 2) a step in which the phase change material is sealed inside the perforate hollow silica particle by inserting the perforate hollow silica particle in a molten solution of the phase change material and repeatedly subjecting the same to vibrations such as ultrasound oscillations; 3) a step in which the perforate hollow silica particle having the phase change material sealed within is washed in a saturated aqueous solution of the phase change material; and 4) a step in which perhydropolysilazane is used to coat the outer shell of the perforate hollow silica particle with silica.

Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula:

##STR00001##

in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are uses of the compositions described herein.

Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula:

##STR00001##

in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are uses of the compositions described herein.

A process is disclosed for making CF.sub.3CFCHF. The process involves reacting CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F with H.sub.2 in a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising CF.sub.3CFCHF. The catalyst has a catalytically effective amount of palladium supported on a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, fluorided alumina, aluminum fluoride and mixtures thereof and the mole ratio of H.sub.2 to CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F fed to the reaction zone is between about 1:1 and about 5:1. Also disclosed are azeotropic compositions of CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F and HF and azeotropic composition of CF.sub.3CHFCH.sub.2F and HF.

In an embodiment, an article of manufacture includes a first component, a second component, and a thermal interface material. The thermal interface material is disposed between the first component and the second component and includes a polymeric phase-change material. In another embodiment, an article of manufacture includes a first component, a second component, and a thermal interface material disposed between the first component and the second component, the thermal interface material including a polymeric phase-change material, the polymeric phase-change material including a block copolymer formed from a diene, the diene formed from a vinyl-terminated fatty acid monomer having a chemical formula C.sub.2H.sub.4RC(O)OH and an ethylene glycol monomer having a chemical formula C.sub.2nH.sub.4n+2O.sub.n+1.

Disclosed is a mixture comprising the compound trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFOs, HFCs, HFEs, CFCs, CO2, olefins, organic acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and others such as methyl formate, formic acid, trans-1,2 dichloroethylene, carbon dioxide, cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez, mixtures of these plus water; mixtures of these plus CO2; mixtures of these trans 1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE); mixtures of these plus methyl formate; mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+CO2, mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez+CO2, and mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFC-245fa. Also disclosed are methods of using and products of using the above compositions as blowing agents, solvents, heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellant compositions, fire extinguishing and suppressant compositions.

Disclosed is a mixture comprising the compound trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of HFOs, HFCs, HFEs, CFCs, CO2, olefins, organic acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and others such as methyl formate, formic acid, trans-1,2 dichloroethylene, carbon dioxide, cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez, mixtures of these plus water; mixtures of these plus CO2; mixtures of these trans 1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE); mixtures of these plus methyl formate; mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+CO2, mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFO-1225yez+CO2, and mixtures with cis-HFO-1234ze+HFC-245fa. Also disclosed are methods of using and products of using the above compositions as blowing agents, solvents, heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellant compositions, fire extinguishing and suppressant compositions.

Various embodiments include a composite comprising: a cooling system; a surface to be cooled including at least a part of an electrical and/or electronic component; and a set of chemical bonds joining the cooling system to the surface.