A method for cooling furnace electrodes using a cooling liquid containing surfactants. This method can be applied to electrodes used in electric arc furnaces and ladle metallurgy furnaces. The method can involve spraying the cooling liquid onto the electrode, thereby lowering the temperature of the electrode and reducing electrode consumption.

Disclosed herein are processes for producing neopentane. The processes generally relate to demethylating isooctane to produce neopentane. The isooctane may be provided by the alkylation of isobutane with butylenes.

A heat storage material composition, at least containing at least one organic compound selected from ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and acetic acid, sodium acetate, and water, wherein a content of the water is 72.4 to 100 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the sodium acetate; an auxiliary heat source and a heat supply method, using the heat storage material composition.

The present disclosure relates to a crosslinking composition for use in crosslinking an aqueous suspension of guar, for use as a well treatment fluid and/or proppant carrier fluid for natural gas extraction. The present crosslinking composition is an aqueous suspension of hydroboracite. The composition may also comprise varying amounts of borax, canola oil, xanthan, glycerol, and/or NaOH. The composition may be selected to effect a desired delay in the crosslinking reaction in order to customize the viscosity and reaction time to the method of use, thereby maximizing proppant delivery while minimizing pump pressure.

Aerogels, aerogel composites and methods of making the same are discussed. One example method can include the act of creating a Boehmite colloid and adding a hydrolyzed silicon precursor to form a sol. A reinforcement can be infused with the sol, gelled to form a gel, then dried to form an aerogel composite. Such a method can also include the acts of performing one or more solvent exchanges and subjecting the gel composite to supercritical drying. Additionally, such a method can include the act of heat treating the aerogel composite. The aerogel composite can be used in high temperature, flexible seals capable of withstanding temperatures, pressures, and compression levels associated with aerodynamic heating generated during flight and in aerospace applications. The aeorogel composite also can be used in thermal protection systems designed for fire protection for structures or in personnel fire protective equipment.

Aerogels, aerogel composites and methods of making the same are discussed. One example method can include the act of creating a Boehmite colloid and adding a hydrolyzed silicon precursor to form a sol. A reinforcement can be infused with the sol, gelled to form a gel, then dried to form an aerogel composite. Such a method can also include the acts of performing one or more solvent exchanges and subjecting the gel composite to supercritical drying. Additionally, such a method can include the act of heat treating the aerogel composite. The aerogel composite can be used in high temperature, flexible seals capable of withstanding temperatures, pressures, and compression levels associated with aerodynamic heating generated during flight and in aerospace applications. The aeorogel composite also can be used in thermal protection systems designed for fire protection for structures or in personnel fire protective equipment.

This invention relates to a foam-forming composition having good low temperature stability and method of use thereof for enhanced oil recovery. Said foam-forming composition comprises an anionic sulfonate surfactant, preferably an alpha-olefin sulfonate, a alkyl ether solvent, and water and is preferably stable to at least 5 C. A preferred alkyl ether solvent has the formula C8H18O3, C8H16O3, or mixtures thereof. Preferred alpha-olefin sulfonate have 10 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 carbons. A preferred method for recovering oil from a reservoir comprises the periodic injection of gas and said foam-forming composition into the reservoir and contacting the oil in the reservoir with the foam so as to assist in the recovery of oil from the reservoir.

New compositions, for example, corrosion inhibited compositions, and the like compositions and new methods of using such compositions are disclosed. Such compositions may be liquid solutions, for example, substantially without solid material formation and/or crystal formation, and may include different concentrations of organic acid components and/or different combinations of organic acid components relative to previous compositions. The present compositions may be used as antifreeze coolant compositions or formulations, for example, in the cooling systems of internal combustion engines.

The disclosure generally relates to compositions, methods, and systems for heat transfer and methods of preparing heat transfer mediums. In various embodiments are described heat transfer mediums comprising a plurality of microparticles suspended in a bulk material with each microparticle containing a phase change material. In other embodiments are described fluids comprising of a slurry of microparticles containing phase change fluid in a carrier liquid for a fast charger system.

The disclosure generally relates to compositions, methods, and systems for heat transfer and methods of preparing heat transfer mediums. In various embodiments are described heat transfer mediums comprising a plurality of microparticles suspended in a bulk material with each microparticle containing a phase change material. In other embodiments are described fluids comprising of a slurry of microparticles containing phase change fluid in a carrier liquid for a fast charger system.