An electrostatic device includes a top and a bottom silicon layer, around an insulating buried layer. A beam opening allows a beam of charged particles to travel through. The device is encapsulated in an insulating layer. One or more electrodes and ground planes are deposited on the insulating layer. These also cover the inside of the beam opening. Electrodes and ground planes are physically and electrically separated by micro-trenches and micro-undercuts that provide shadow areas when the conductive areas are deposited. Electrodes may be shaped as elongated islands and may include portions overhanging the top silicon layer, supported by electrode-anchors. Manufacturing starts from a single wafer including the top, buried, and bottom layers, or it starts from two separate silicon wafers. Manufacturing includes steps to form the top and bottom beam openings and microstructures, to encapsulate the device in an insulating layer, and to deposit electrodes and ground areas.

The present invention provides Chemical Mechanical Planarization Polishing (CMP) compositions for Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) applications. The CMP compositions contain ceria coated inorganic metal oxide particles as abrasives, such as ceria-coated silica particles; chemical additive selected from the first group of non-ionic organic molecules multi hydroxyl functional groups in the same molecule; chemical additives selected from the second group of aromatic organic molecules with sulfonic acid group or sulfonate salt functional groups and combinations thereof; water soluble solvent; and optionally biocide and pH adjuster; wherein the composition has a pH of 2 to 12, preferably 3 to 10, and more preferably 4 to 9.

The present invention provides Chemical Mechanical Planarization Polishing (CMP) compositions for Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) applications. The CMP compositions contain ceria coated inorganic metal oxide particles as abrasives, such as ceria-coated silica particles; chemical additive selected from the first group of non-ionic organic molecules multi hydroxyl functional groups in the same molecule; chemical additives selected from the second group of aromatic organic molecules with sulfonic acid group or sulfonate salt functional groups and combinations thereof; water soluble solvent; and optionally biocide and pH adjuster; wherein the composition has a pH of 2 to 12, preferably 3 to 10, and more preferably 4 to 9.

An intermediate raw material according to the present invention includes a charge control agent having a critical packing parameter of 0.6 or more and a dispersing medium and a pH of the intermediate raw material is less than 7.

An intermediate raw material according to the present invention includes a charge control agent having a critical packing parameter of 0.6 or more and a dispersing medium and a pH of the intermediate raw material is less than 7.

Methods for etching alkali metal compounds are disclosed. Some embodiments of the disclosure expose an alkali metal compound to an alcohol to form a volatile metal alkoxide. Some embodiments of the disclosure expose an alkali metal compound to a β-diketone to form a volatile alkali metal β-diketonate compound. Some embodiments of the disclosure are performed in-situ after a deposition process. Some embodiments of the disclosure provide methods which selectively etch alkali metal compounds.

Methods for etching alkali metal compounds are disclosed. Some embodiments of the disclosure expose an alkali metal compound to an alcohol to form a volatile metal alkoxide. Some embodiments of the disclosure expose an alkali metal compound to a β-diketone to form a volatile alkali metal β-diketonate compound. Some embodiments of the disclosure are performed in-situ after a deposition process. Some embodiments of the disclosure provide methods which selectively etch alkali metal compounds.

Provided are a chemical-mechanical polishing composition and a chemical-mechanical polishing method capable of polishing a semiconductor substrate containing a conductive metal such as tungsten or cobalt flatly and at high speed as well as reducing surface defects after polishing. The composition for chemical-mechanical polishing contains (A) silica particles having a functional group represented by general formula (1) and (B) a silane compound. —COO-M+ . . . (1) (M+ represents a monovalent cation.)

Provided are a chemical-mechanical polishing composition and a chemical-mechanical polishing method capable of polishing a semiconductor substrate containing a conductive metal such as tungsten or cobalt flatly and at high speed as well as reducing surface defects after polishing. The composition for chemical-mechanical polishing contains (A) silica particles having a functional group represented by general formula (1) and (B) a silane compound. —COO-M+ . . . (1) (M+ represents a monovalent cation.)

A semiconductor processing liquid including hydrofluoric acid, and an organic solvent, in which the organic solvent contains a compound represented by the formula below in which X.sub.1 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in which an ether bond may be interposed, Y.sub.10 is one of —O—, —(C═O)—, —O—(C═O)—, and —(C═O)—O—, Y.sub.20 is one of —(C═O)—, —O—(C═O)—, and —(C═O)—O—, and Y.sub.11 and Y.sub.21 are each independently a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which an ether bond may be interposed, provided that, X.sub.1, Y.sub.11, and Y.sub.21 do not contain hydroxyl groups in structures thereof, and when X.sub.1 is a single bond, Y.sub.10 is not —O—)

H.sub.3C—Y.sub.11—Y.sub.10—X.sub.1—Y.sub.20—Y.sub.21—CH.sub.3  (1).