The present disclosure is directed to surfactants (in particular olefin sulfonates), surfactant packages, compositions derived thereof, and uses thereof in hydrocarbon recovery. Methods of making olefin sulfonate surfactants are also described.

The present invention relates to a dispersant composition comprising: a) at least one oligomeric acid A, which has i) at least one acidic group selected from COOH and PO.sub.3H.sub.2, and ii) at least one polyoxyalkylene-ether radical of the formula (I): R—(O-A).sub.xO-G-, where A is an C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkan-1,2-diyl radical; X is an integer having a number average value in the range from 2 to 20; and R is hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; G is a chemical bond or a carbonyl group; and b) at least one polyamine B, which is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylamines, poly-C.sub.2-C.sub.3-alkyleneimines, modified poly-C.sub.2-C.sub.3-alkyleneimines, melamine compounds, modified melamine compounds, poly-(C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkyleneether) amines, polyetheramine polyols, and modified polyetheramine polyols. The invention also relates to aqueous pigment compositions containing a dispersant composition as defined herein, a pigment component, selected from the group consisting of pigments and mixtures of at least one pigment and at least one filler, and an aqueous diluent.

The present invention relates to a dispersant composition comprising: a) at least one oligomeric acid A, which has i) at least one acidic group selected from COOH and PO.sub.3H.sub.2, and ii) at least one polyoxyalkylene-ether radical of the formula (I): R—(O-A).sub.xO-G-, where A is an C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkan-1,2-diyl radical; X is an integer having a number average value in the range from 2 to 20; and R is hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; G is a chemical bond or a carbonyl group; and b) at least one polyamine B, which is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylamines, poly-C.sub.2-C.sub.3-alkyleneimines, modified poly-C.sub.2-C.sub.3-alkyleneimines, melamine compounds, modified melamine compounds, poly-(C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkyleneether) amines, polyetheramine polyols, and modified polyetheramine polyols. The invention also relates to aqueous pigment compositions containing a dispersant composition as defined herein, a pigment component, selected from the group consisting of pigments and mixtures of at least one pigment and at least one filler, and an aqueous diluent.

An object of the present invention is to provide a PVA-based resin having a small distribution in degree of heat treatment in which the degree of heat treatment does not depend on a particle diameter. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin of the present invention has an absorbance at 280 nm of 0.3 or more when being made to a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution and satisfies the following Formula (1): 0.9≤X.sub.1/Y.sub.1≤1.2 (in Formula (1), X.sub.1 represents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm and 1680 μm or less, and Y.sub.1 represents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 212 μm and 500 μm or less).

An object of the present invention is to provide a PVA-based resin having a small distribution in degree of heat treatment in which the degree of heat treatment does not depend on a particle diameter. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin of the present invention has an absorbance at 280 nm of 0.3 or more when being made to a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution and satisfies the following Formula (1): 0.9≤X.sub.1/Y.sub.1≤1.2 (in Formula (1), X.sub.1 represents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 1000 μm and 1680 μm or less, and Y.sub.1 represents an absorbance at 320 nm of a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having a particle diameter larger than 212 μm and 500 μm or less).

The present invention is in the field of emulsifiers and provides novel emulsifier mixtures for use in cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulations or in detergents. The emulsifier mixtures according to the invention comprise a citrate ester mixture and at least one 1,2-alkanediol, 1,3-alkanediol, 1,4-alkanediol and/or 1,5-alkanediol and are characterized by increased stability and low precipitation over a wide temperature range and during a long storage period.

A dispersion comprising a solid particulate component such as a pigment, a dispersing agent and one or more solvents is disclosed. The dispersing agent comprises a reaction product of (a) an epoxidised carboxylic acid ester; (b) a compound including at least one reactive alcohol and/or amino functional group; and (c) a derivatising agent. Such a dispersion shows excellent long-term stability. A method of producing such a dispersion having long-term stability, and a use of the dispersing agent to provide a dispersion having long-term stability are also described.

A dispersion comprising a solid particulate component such as a pigment, a dispersing agent and one or more solvents is disclosed. The dispersing agent comprises a reaction product of (a) an epoxidised carboxylic acid ester; (b) a compound including at least one reactive alcohol and/or amino functional group; and (c) a derivatising agent. Such a dispersion shows excellent long-term stability. A method of producing such a dispersion having long-term stability, and a use of the dispersing agent to provide a dispersion having long-term stability are also described.

A non-linear surfactant, and particularly a non-linear surfactant comprising bi-functionalized molecules or particles having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. The non-linear surfactant includes a nanoparticle template of a rigid molecular structure, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a molecule or a particle that is bi-functionalized with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups to obtain an amphiphilic nanoparticle. The template nanoparticle can be used as a surfactant, wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent or other surface active agents or for the preparation of nanoemulsions or dispersions. The non-linear surfactant can provide smaller particle sizes for emulsion suspensions and foams.

A non-linear surfactant, and particularly a non-linear surfactant comprising bi-functionalized molecules or particles having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. The non-linear surfactant includes a nanoparticle template of a rigid molecular structure, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a molecule or a particle that is bi-functionalized with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups to obtain an amphiphilic nanoparticle. The template nanoparticle can be used as a surfactant, wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent or other surface active agents or for the preparation of nanoemulsions or dispersions. The non-linear surfactant can provide smaller particle sizes for emulsion suspensions and foams.