The present invention provides a liquid crystal aligning agent composition that has excellent storage stability, can secure a high imidization rate, and can produce a liquid crystal alignment film having improved film strength together with liquid crystal alignment properties, a method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film using the same, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

A display device includes: a display module including a first area and a second area at least partially surrounding the first area in a plan view; an external member disposed on the display module; and an adhesive layer configured to couple the display module to the external member, wherein a coupling strength between the second area and the adhesive layer is greater than a coupling strength between the first area and the adhesive layer.

To provide an optical film having excellent visibility in a wide angle direction. An optical film including at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyimide-based resin and a polyamide-based resin and having a total light transmittance of 85% or more and a haze of 0.5% or less, wherein when a direction parallel to a machine direction in a plane of the optical film during production of the optical film is defined as an MD direction and a direction vertical to the machine direction is defined as a TD direction, a first transmission image clarity value C.sub.60(MD) in a direction inclined 60° in the MD direction from a vertical direction to the plane of the optical film, a second transmission image clarity value C.sub.60(TD) in a direction inclined 60° in the TD direction from the vertical direction, and a third transmission image clarity value C.sub.0 of the vertical direction which are obtained when a width of an optical comb is 0.125 mm in accordance with JIS K 7374 satisfy Formulae,
Formula (1):
87%≤C.sub.60(MD)≤100%  (1),
Formula (2):
87%≤C.sub.60(TD)≤100%  (2), and
Formula (3):
0.8≤C.sub.60(MD)/C.sub.0≤1.0  (3).

The present application discloses a display substrate. The display substrate includes a base substrate; a color filter on the base substrate; and an overcoat layer on a side of the color filter distal to the base substrate. The overcoat layer includes a first sublayer and a second sublayer, the second sublayer on a side of the first sublayer distal to the base substrate. The first sublayer includes a first polymer material. The second sublayer includes a second polymer material different from the first polymer material.

The present disclosure provides a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a transfer printing device. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one groove is defined in a transfer printing plate of the transfer printing device, through holes corresponding to blind holes can be formed in an area corresponding to the grooves, thereby preventing blocking effect of an original alignment film on light passing through the blind holes, increasing light transmittance of the blind holes, and improving an overall performance of devices with the blind holes.

A photochromic system wherein: there are provided a photochromic film and a drive power source; the photochromic film has a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first and second laminate, the photochromic film controlling the liquid crystal molecules' orientation of the liquid crystal layer by a VA scheme to control transmitted light; the first laminate is provided with at least a first substrate and electrode; the second laminate is provided with at least a second substrate and electrode; each of the first and second electrode has a sheet resistance of 50-300 Ω/□; the distance from a power feed point to the farthest-away position in the surface of the photochromic film is 1,500 mm or less; and the drive power source supplies a power source for driving by a rectangular wave having a frequency of 240 Hz or less.

A liquid crystal display device includes an element substrate, a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the element substrate and the counter substrate, reflective electrodes placed on a surface of the element substrate that is located on the liquid crystal layer side, and a pair of alignment films each of which is placed on a corresponding one of a surface of the element substrate that is located on the liquid crystal layer side and a surface of the counter substrate that is located on the liquid crystal layer side. A liquid crystal composition contained in the liquid crystal layer contains a compound containing an alkoxy group. The alignment films contain a polymer including polyimide. The polyimide is derived from a polyamic acid and contains a side chain represented by Formula (1).

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition excellent in vertical alignment and compatibility and to provide a liquid crystal display device produced using the same. The problem is solved by a liquid crystal composition containing one or two or more kinds of self-aligning polymerizable monomers and one or two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers (or polymerizable compounds) having a specific chemical structure, and a liquid crystal display device produced using the same, specifically a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer represented by General Formula (I) and a spontaneously aligning monomer which has a chemical structure different from that of the polymerizable monomer represented by General Formula (I), and has a polar group, and a liquid crystal display device containing the same.

Manufacturing equipment of low-temperature formed liquid crystal alignment film and panel manufacturing process thereof are provided. The manufacturing equipment includes an engraving member, a light curing agent coating member, and a light curing device. In the panel manufacturing process, the engraving member is applied for engraving an alignment pattern on a surface of a prepared substrate. Next, the light curing agent coating member coats the light curing agent on the surface of the substrate having the alignment pattern thereon. Then, the light curing device is applied for light curing the light curing agent, so as to form a crystal alignment film having a texture of the alignment pattern. Finally, liquid crystal is injected between two substrates having the liquid crystal alignment film and encapsulating the structure to form a panel.

Ligand-capped scattering nanoparticles, curable ink compositions containing the ligand-capped scattering nanoparticles, and methods of forming films from the ink compositions are provided. Also provided are cured films formed by curing the ink compositions and photonic devices incorporating the films. The ligands bound to the inorganic scattering nanoparticles include a head group and a tail group. The head group includes a polyamine chain and binds the ligands to the nanoparticle surface. The tail group includes a polyalkylene oxide chain.