An internal combustion heating device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace includes a coke quenching exhaust heater and at least one set of a third gas heater and a fourth gas heater with equal structures and associated with each other; wherein the coke quenching exhaust heater comprises an internal flame path, a first air supply tube, a second air supply tube, a central annular wall and a central path, wherein an internal flame path is divided into at least one set of an internal main flame path and an internal sub flame path, the central annular wall inside the internal loop wall of the carbonizing room and at least one the internal flame path isolating wall; the internal sub flame path is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section.

An internal combustion heating device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace includes a coke quenching exhaust heater and at least one set of a third gas heater and a fourth gas heater with equal structures and associated with each other; wherein the coke quenching exhaust heater comprises an internal flame path, a first air supply tube, a second air supply tube, a central annular wall and a central path, wherein an internal flame path is divided into at least one set of an internal main flame path and an internal sub flame path, the central annular wall inside the internal loop wall of the carbonizing room and at least one the internal flame path isolating wall; the internal sub flame path is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section.

A method and an apparatus for pyrolysing a solid organic feed material are disclosed. Solid organic material is moved through a reaction chamber and exposed to a temperature profile within the chamber that dries and pyrolyses the organic material and releases water vapour and a volatile products gas phase. The water vapour phase and the volatile products gas phase are moved counter-current to the solid organic material so that the water vapour phase and condensable components of the volatile products gas phase condense in cooler upstream sections of the chamber and form a liquid water product and a separate liquid oil product. The liquid water product is discharged via an outlet along the length of the chamber and a dried and pyrolysed solid product is discharged from a downstream outlet in the chamber.

The main purpose of the invention is a fast pyrolysis reactor (1) with entrained flow of biomass organic particles (2), comprising a reaction chamber (3), a device (4) for injection of particles (2) in the upper part (3a) of the reaction chamber (3), to form a flow (FG) of particles (2) dropping by gravity, an evacuation duct (5) for products originating from the pyrolysis reaction present in the reaction chamber (3), characterized in that it also comprises a counter current hot neutral gases injection duct 6 in the lower part (3b) of the reaction chamber (3) making it possible to form a counter current flow (FG) of hot neutral gases coming into contact with the flow (FG) of particles (2) dropping by gravity, the temperature of the hot neutral gases being between 500 and 600 C., and the diameter of the particles (2) being between 200 m and 1 mm.

The main purpose of the invention is a fast pyrolysis reactor (1) with entrained flow of biomass organic particles (2), comprising a reaction chamber (3), a device (4) for injection of particles (2) in the upper part (3a) of the reaction chamber (3), to form a flow (FG) of particles (2) dropping by gravity, an evacuation duct (5) for products originating from the pyrolysis reaction present in the reaction chamber (3), characterized in that it also comprises a counter current hot neutral gases injection duct 6 in the lower part (3b) of the reaction chamber (3) making it possible to form a counter current flow (FG) of hot neutral gases coming into contact with the flow (FG) of particles (2) dropping by gravity, the temperature of the hot neutral gases being between 500 and 600 C., and the diameter of the particles (2) being between 200 m and 1 mm.

An apparatus for supplying additives into a coker drum includes an inlet for supplying a hydrocarbon feed stream into the coker drum and conduits along the circumference of walls of the coker drum. Each conduit has an injection nozzle to supply additives inside the coker drum. An injection control system controls the operation of the injection nozzles such that 1) one or more of the injection nozzles placed within a first distance above a vapour liquid interphase of the hydrocarbon feed stream are configured to supply the additives; and 2) supply of the additive discontinues from a particular injection nozzle when a distance between the injection nozzle and the vapour liquid interphase is less than or equal to a second distance. The apparatus optionally includes a mechanical drive system moving at least one of the conduits based on the level of the vapour liquid interphase in the coker drum.

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.

In a method for producing pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis coke, a starting material substantially comprising biomass is supplied to the upper region of a pyrolysis reactor. The latter has a substantially vertically arranged reactor chamber, which is substantially tubular. The reaction chamber then contains a bed of bulk material that comprises the starting material to be pyrolyzed and, optionally, the pyrolysis coke. This bulk material is thermally treated in the pyrolysis reactor, where the pyrolysis coke, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are formed from the starting material to be pyrolyzed, and where the bulk material, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are guided through the reaction chamber from top to bottom. The movement of the bulk material is caused substantially by gravity and the movement of the pyrolysis gases and pyrolysis vapors by the gas pressure building up.

In a method for producing pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis coke, a starting material substantially comprising biomass is supplied to the upper region of a pyrolysis reactor. The latter has a substantially vertically arranged reactor chamber, which is substantially tubular. The reaction chamber then contains a bed of bulk material that comprises the starting material to be pyrolyzed and, optionally, the pyrolysis coke. This bulk material is thermally treated in the pyrolysis reactor, where the pyrolysis coke, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are formed from the starting material to be pyrolyzed, and where the bulk material, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are guided through the reaction chamber from top to bottom. The movement of the bulk material is caused substantially by gravity and the movement of the pyrolysis gases and pyrolysis vapors by the gas pressure building up.

Provided are a standing coke-making furnace, a coke-making system and a method thereof.