A coke plant includes multiple coke ovens where each coke oven is adapted to produce exhaust gases, a common tunnel fluidly connected to the plurality of coke ovens and configured to receive the exhaust gases from each of the coke ovens, multiple standard heat recovery steam generators fluidly connected to the common tunnel where the ratio of coke ovens to standard heat recovery steam generators is at least 20:1, and a redundant heat recovery steam generator fluidly connected to the common tunnel where any one of the plurality of standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator is adapted to receive the exhaust gases from the plurality of ovens and extract heat from the exhaust gases and where the standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator are all connected in parallel with each other.

A coke plant includes multiple coke ovens where each coke oven is adapted to produce exhaust gases, a common tunnel fluidly connected to the plurality of coke ovens and configured to receive the exhaust gases from each of the coke ovens, multiple standard heat recovery steam generators fluidly connected to the common tunnel where the ratio of coke ovens to standard heat recovery steam generators is at least 20:1, and a redundant heat recovery steam generator fluidly connected to the common tunnel where any one of the plurality of standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator is adapted to receive the exhaust gases from the plurality of ovens and extract heat from the exhaust gases and where the standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator are all connected in parallel with each other.

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, 95 wt%, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, 95 wt%, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

An apparatus for on-line temperature measurement and gas sampling used in the chute area of CDQ coke oven. The oven external unit includes a temperature indicator, a gas tube, a vacuum tank, and the oven internal unit includes a temperature measuring element, a temperature indicator. The temperature measuring element pass through the oven shell and oven along the oven radical, is located in the upper channel of the high-temperature ceramic tube with double-channel, one end of the high-temperature ceramic tube with double-channel is connected with the gas tube of the vacuum tank. The apparatus solves the problem that hard to measure the temperature and sample the gas of the part where the environment is the most complicated in CDQ coke oven, and has the advantages that the structure is simple, operation is easy to handle and can achieve real-time monitoring for the inner environment of the CDQ coke oven.

An apparatus for on-line temperature measurement and gas sampling used in the chute area of CDQ coke oven. The oven external unit includes a temperature indicator, a gas tube, a vacuum tank, and the oven internal unit includes a temperature measuring element, a temperature indicator. The temperature measuring element pass through the oven shell and oven along the oven radical, is located in the upper channel of the high-temperature ceramic tube with double-channel, one end of the high-temperature ceramic tube with double-channel is connected with the gas tube of the vacuum tank. The apparatus solves the problem that hard to measure the temperature and sample the gas of the part where the environment is the most complicated in CDQ coke oven, and has the advantages that the structure is simple, operation is easy to handle and can achieve real-time monitoring for the inner environment of the CDQ coke oven.

A cleaning device that can properly and efficiently clean a place such as a coke oven top part where an obstacle is present, can perform cleaning irrespective of whether or not a coal charging car is operating, and has a simple and compact structure and a method for cleaning an oven top of a coke oven. The cleaning device travels on a road surface and collects an accumulated substance accumulated on the road surface and includes a travelling trolley, a collector provided on a front face part of the travelling trolley that collects the accumulated substance accumulated on the road surface in front of the travelling trolley as the travelling trolley travels forward, and a sweeper provided on the travelling trolley and that sweeps the accumulated substance accumulated on the road surface beside the travelling trolley toward a position in front of the travelling trolley.

The present invention provides a method for determining the authenticity of a petroleum hydrocarbon allegedly comprising at least one specific chemical marker, as well as a method for determining adulteration of a petroleum hydrocarbon marked with at least one specific chemical marker. The methods claimed and described herein rely upon the use of specific chemical markers in combination with laser ionization at a wavelength of between about 300 nm and about 370 nm coupled with ion mobility spectrometry or with mass spectrometry.

Systems and methods for removing carbonaceous clinker material from a coke oven are described. A coke oven can be provided including an oven floor, coke, and clinker material deposited on the oven floor. After a temperature of the coke oven has reached a first temperature (e.g., after heating coal in the oven to produce coke), the method includes increasing the temperature of the coke oven to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature for a predetermined amount of time. After the predetermined amount of time, the temperature is reduced to a third temperature that is lower than the first temperature.

Systems and methods for removing carbonaceous clinker material from a coke oven are described. A coke oven can be provided including an oven floor, coke, and clinker material deposited on the oven floor. After a temperature of the coke oven has reached a first temperature (e.g., after heating coal in the oven to produce coke), the method includes increasing the temperature of the coke oven to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature for a predetermined amount of time. After the predetermined amount of time, the temperature is reduced to a third temperature that is lower than the first temperature.