A pyrolysis system for waste includes: a pyrolysis apparatus configured to receive waste and generate combustible gas by pyrolyzing the received waste; an emulsification apparatus connected to the pyrolysis apparatus and configured to produce pyrolysis oil by cooling condensable gas among the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis apparatus and discharge non-condensable gas; and a combustion furnace connected to the emulsification apparatus and configured to receive and combust the non-condensable gas discharged from the emulsification apparatus, where the combustion furnace is configured to generate hot air by combusting the non-condensable gas, and supply the hot air to the pyrolysis apparatus to pyrolyze the waste.

The invention provides a pyrolysis reaction system, the system comprising: a pyrolysis chamber comprising a feed inlet, a gas inlet and a product outlet, wherein the pyrolysis chamber is configured i) to receive a pyrolysable organic feed and an inert gas via the feed inlet and gas inlet respectively, ii) to pyrolyse the organic feed at a pyrolysis temperature to produce a carbonaceous pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas will combine with the inert gas to form a gas mixture having a pyrolysis chamber pressure in the pyrolysis chamber, and iii) to discharge the carbonaceous pyrolysis product via the product outlet; a gas reactor configured to react the pyrolysis gas by combustion and/or carbon deposition at a gas reaction temperature and a gas reactor pressure; and a first partition defining a boundary between the pyrolysis chamber and the gas reactor, the first partition comprising a plurality of first apertures to provide fluid communication between the pyrolysis chamber and the gas reactor, wherein the pyrolysis reaction system is operable with the gas reactor pressure less than the pyrolysis chamber pressure such that the gas mixture flows from the pyrolysis chamber to the gas reactor through the first apertures, thereby providing at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas for reaction in the gas reactor.

A biomass pyrolysis process is provided in which biomass feedstock is mixed with a heat carrier. The heat carrier at least partly comprises char. The ratio by weight of biomass to char is in the range 1:1 to 1:20. The process may be carried out by in a screw/auger pyrolysis reactor in which the solid feedstock components are conveyed along the reactor by a first screw. A second screw conveys at least a portion of the solid products of the biomass pyrolysis back to a heat transfer medium input port. Thus, the heat transfer medium includes char from the biomass pyrolysis.

A biomass pyrolysis process is provided in which biomass feedstock is mixed with a heat carrier. The heat carrier at least partly comprises char. The ratio by weight of biomass to char is in the range 1:1 to 1:20. The process may be carried out by in a screw/auger pyrolysis reactor in which the solid feedstock components are conveyed along the reactor by a first screw. A second screw conveys at least a portion of the solid products of the biomass pyrolysis back to a heat transfer medium input port. Thus, the heat transfer medium includes char from the biomass pyrolysis.

The invention relates to a method for the chemical conversion of mixtures of materials produced from solid and liquid hydrocarbons into gas/vapor mixtures and carbonaceous materials by thermal actions, catalysis and other processes and a device comprising jacket-heated, vertically and horizontally oriented reactors known per se with conveying devices and further apparatus in a process cycle.

The invention relates to a method for the chemical conversion of mixtures of materials produced from solid and liquid hydrocarbons into gas/vapor mixtures and carbonaceous materials by thermal actions, catalysis and other processes and a device comprising jacket-heated, vertically and horizontally oriented reactors known per se with conveying devices and further apparatus in a process cycle.

Provided herein is a method, device and installation for devolatizing a solid feedstock, comprising carbon-based waste selected from the group consisting of hazardous material, biomass, animal manure, tires, municipal solid waste and refuse derived fuel. The method comprises treating the solid feedstock to a produce a particle size laying between about 1 cm.sup.3 and about 100 cm.sup.3. The solid feedstock is passed into a jacketed system which includes a solid feedstock injector, a retort, a side arm for injecting a heated gas, and a process auger. The solid feedstock is contacted with a heated gas, comprising hydrogen, inside the jacketed system at a temperature of about 500 C. to about 1000 C. for a time of about 60 seconds to about 120 seconds, whereby the solid feedstock is converted into a gas stream and a solid stream.

A gasifier system configured to generate synthesis gas via thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an oxygen deprived atmosphere via pyrolysis is disclosed. The gasifier may include numerous subsystems configured to increase the operational efficiency of the gasifier. For example, and not by means of limitation, the gasifier may include a syngas recirculation system, a screenless ash removal system, a tar reduction system, a negative slope gasifier system and a syngas catalyzer system. The syngas recirculation system may increase efficiency of the gasifier system.

A gasifier system configured to generate synthesis gas via thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an oxygen deprived atmosphere via pyrolysis is disclosed. The gasifier may include numerous subsystems configured to increase the operational efficiency of the gasifier. For example, and not by means of limitation, the gasifier may include a syngas recirculation system, a screenless ash removal system, a tar reduction system, a negative slope gasifier system and a syngas catalyzer system. The syngas recirculation system may increase efficiency of the gasifier system.

Described herein is a method of carbonizing organic waste to produce a stable form of biocarbon for the purposes of carbon sequestration. In some embodiments, the method is a continuous method wherein organic waste is added at a top of a carbonization system and biocarbon is recovered from a bottom thereof.