A gasification system for producing synthetic gas from biomass, including: a biomass material pre-processing part; a pyrolysis part; a condensing part; and a gasification part. The pyrolysis part includes a pyrolysis bed and a combustion bed. The condensate tank of the condensing part is connected to a non-condensable pyrolysis gas compressor via a pipeline; an output of the non-condensable pyrolysis gas compressor is connected to the pyrolysis bed and the combustion bed. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas acts as a fuel of the combustion bed and a fluidizing medium of the pyrolysis bed.

A gasification system for producing synthetic gas from biomass, including: a biomass material pre-processing part; a pyrolysis part; a condensing part; and a gasification part. The pyrolysis part includes a pyrolysis bed and a combustion bed. The condensate tank of the condensing part is connected to a non-condensable pyrolysis gas compressor via a pipeline; an output of the non-condensable pyrolysis gas compressor is connected to the pyrolysis bed and the combustion bed. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas acts as a fuel of the combustion bed and a fluidizing medium of the pyrolysis bed.

A method of producing biofuels, based on pyrolysis of biomass from macrophytes, includes: pre-treatment of biomass, including processes of drying and crushing the biomass, followed by injection of pre-treated biomass into a pyrolysis reactor; biomass pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor; a first separation of products; a second separation of products; a third separation of products; burning or collecting gases, wherein the method produces at least four different types of products, including: biochar, pyroligneous extract, vegetable tar and synthesis gas; whereby, the biochar product is collected in the first product separation through the use of a cyclone, the pyroligneous extract product is collected in the second product separation through the use of a condenser, the vegetable tar product is collected in the third product separation through the use of a centrifuge, and the synthesis gas product is collected in the gas burning or collecting step.

Efficient biomass conversion systems, methods and apparatus utilize a fast pyrolysis unit installed at locations having substantial quantities of biomass, with the biomass fed into the fast pyrolysis unit under pyrolytic reaction conditions, and with exhaust gases containing entrained matter resulting from the pyrolytic reactions being separated into char and bio-fuel constituents.

The present invention relates to a method of fractionating bio-oil vapors which involves providing bio-oil vapors comprising bio-oil constituents. The bio-oil vapors are cooled in a first stage which comprises a condenser having passages for the bio-oil separated by a heat conducting wall from passages for a coolant. The coolant in the condenser of the first stage is maintained at a substantially constant temperature, set at a temperature in the range of 75 to 100 C., to condense a first liquid fraction of liquefied bio-oil constituents in the condenser of the first stage. The first liquid fraction of liquified bio-oil constituents from the condenser in the first stage is collected. Also disclosed are steps for subsequently recovering further liquid fractions of liquefied bio-oil constituents. Particular compositions of bio-oil condensation products are also described.

A bio-product such as biochar, bio-coal, bio-oil, coke, and/or activated carbon material is formed by processing a starting biomass material comprising water-laden material. The starting biomass material is heated to below or above an autoignition temperature through a rotary compression unit (RCU) by generating steam through releasing unbound and bound waters in the biomass thus forming a bio-product. The biomass material being processed may be, without limitation, a woody or non-woody biomass material, such as cellulosic material and/or grain. The process can also form bio-oil from pyrolysis vapors which can be processed to other bio-products.

A bio-oil reactor leverages chemically recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass using a moderate temperature molten-salt based process to unlock hydrocarbon content having the potential to substantially supplement demand for petroleum based fuels and chemicals. Bio-oil is a precursor to production of other chemicals and hydrocarbons, and can be refined as an effective replacement to conventional petroleum products and fossil fuels. A disclosed approach employs Molten-Salt Pyrolysis (MSP), for the efficient and economical production of such precursor chemicals directly from whole biomass under moderate conditions (400 C., 1 atm.). Lignocellulosic biomass, freely available in renewable wood and plant products, undergoes a moderate temperature heating process in a eutectic molten salt mixture to generate a condensable vapor of the precursor or platform chemicals.

In a method for producing pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis coke, a starting material substantially comprising biomass is supplied to the upper region of a pyrolysis reactor. The latter has a substantially vertically arranged reactor chamber, which is substantially tubular. The reaction chamber then contains a bed of bulk material that comprises the starting material to be pyrolyzed and, optionally, the pyrolysis coke. This bulk material is thermally treated in the pyrolysis reactor, where the pyrolysis coke, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are formed from the starting material to be pyrolyzed, and where the bulk material, the pyrolysis gases and the pyrolysis vapors are guided through the reaction chamber from top to bottom. The movement of the bulk material is caused substantially by gravity and the movement of the pyrolysis gases and pyrolysis vapors by the gas pressure building up.

A solvent stripping process has been developed for separating the pyrolysis oil in an extracted phase feed stream from an organic solvent used for extraction. The process involves using a stripping solvent to strip the organic solvent from the pyrolysis oil in a stripping column. The stripping column bottom stream comprising the pyrolysis oil and part of the stripping solvent can be separated into a vapor stream comprising the stripping solvent and a liquid stream comprising the pyrolysis and a portion of the stripping solvent. The stripping column overhead stream comprising the stripping solvent and the organic solvent can be separated in a recovery column into a recovery column overhead stream comprising the stripping solvent and a recovery column bottom stream comprising the organic solvent.

A solvent stripping process has been developed for separating the pyrolysis oil in an extracted phase feed stream from an organic solvent used for extraction. The process involves using a stripping solvent to strip the organic solvent from the pyrolysis oil in a stripping column. The stripping column bottom stream comprising the pyrolysis oil and part of the stripping solvent can be separated into a vapor stream comprising the stripping solvent and a liquid stream comprising the pyrolysis and a portion of the stripping solvent. The stripping column overhead stream comprising the stripping solvent and the organic solvent can be separated in a recovery column into a recovery column overhead stream comprising the stripping solvent and a recovery column bottom stream comprising the organic solvent.