A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes. The method also includes hydrotreating the purified intermediate feedstock into a renewable diesel product.

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons wherein a feed is hydrotreated in a hydrotreating step and isomerised in an isomerisation step, and a feed comprising fresh feed containing more than 5 wt % of free fatty acids and at least one diluting agent is hydrotreated at a reaction temperature of 200-400° C., in a hydrotreating reactor in the presence of catalyst, and the ratio of the diluting agent/fresh feed is 5-30:1.

The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling product slate of hydrothermal liquefaction by adjusting pH of hydrothermal liquefaction product aqueous phase. The pH of the hydrothermal liquefaction product aqueous phase can be adjusted by heating during hydrothermal liquefaction (110) a mix (30) comprising lignocellulosic feedstock (10) together with acids, alkalis and/or buffers (20) added under aqueous conditions. The method typically comprises separating (120) aqueous phase (53) and oil phase (50), and optionally gas (51) and/or char (52), of the obtained hydrothermal liquefaction product (40). Preferably the separated aqueous phase (53) is recirculated to be mixed 100 with lignocellulosic feedstock (10).

A method is disclosed for hydrodeoxygenation of a bio-oil over a catalyst bed in a hydrodeoxygenation reactor, the method including combining a two-phase diluent having a water dew point and a bio-oil at a bio-oil temperature that is from 50° F. less than to 50° F. more than the water dew point. The two-phase diluent includes a liquid phase and a vapor phase, where the liquid phase includes a hydrocarbon and the vapor phase includes hydrogen and water.

A process for hydrotreating recycled or renewable feedstocks with a catalytic microparticle slurry, and a process for manufacturing the catalytic microparticle slurry, are disclosed.

An electrotechnical fluid composition, comprising more than 90 wt-% paraffins in the C17-C18 range, based on the total weight of the composition, is described. The ratio of the amount of C18 i-paraffins to the amount of C18 n-paraffins is more than 40, based on the weight of the C18 i-paraffins and the weight of the C18 n-paraffins in the composition.

A biofuel includes a mixture having a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose and an isomerized hydroprocessed ester and fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46 and at least 10 parts per million weight (ppmw) of a heteroatom and a cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.

A biofuel includes a mixture of a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46. The biofuel also includes a hydroprocessed ester fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. A cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.

A bifunctional catalyst for example for conversion of oxygenates, the bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein Zn is present at least partly as ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4.

The present invention relates to novel lignin-derived compounds and compositions comprising the same and their use as redox flow battery electrolytes. The invention further provides a method for preparing said compounds and compositions as well as a redox flow battery comprising said compounds and compositions. Additionally, an assembly for carrying out the inventive method is provided.