Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high or low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.

Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high or low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.

An apparatus and a method for removing salts from a liquid are described. A first liquid containing at least one salt is mixed with magnetic composite particles. A subsequent separation of the particles from the liquid is achieved using an electromagnetic source.

An apparatus and a method for removing salts from a liquid are described. A first liquid containing at least one salt is mixed with magnetic composite particles. A subsequent separation of the particles from the liquid is achieved using an electromagnetic source.

Systems and methods for body-proximate recoverable capture of mercury vapor emitted during cremation of human remains having dental amalgam fillings containing mercury. In various embodiments, one or more recoverable mercury sorbent packets comprise a combination of nanoparticles of one or more chalcogens and a particulate refractory material contained in a refractory material packaging. The recoverable packets capture and contain elemental mercury vapor emitted during cremation from dental amalgam fillings containing mercury. The recoverable packets are placed external to the body and within the combustion chamber during cremation, and not within the flue or exhausts exiting the combustion chambers. In various embodiments, the recoverable packets are positioned within the casket or primary combustion chamber, and may be preferably positioned proximate the head and neck of the body with the aid of selectively-refractory containment structures. After cremation, the mercury laden recoverable sorbent packets may be removed from the ashen remains of the body, and optionally the mercury may be recovered and the sorbent packet reprocessed for reuse.

Systems and methods for body-proximate recoverable capture of mercury vapor emitted during cremation of human remains having dental amalgam fillings containing mercury. In various embodiments, one or more recoverable mercury sorbent packets comprise a combination of nanoparticles of one or more chalcogens and a particulate refractory material contained in a refractory material packaging. The recoverable packets capture and contain elemental mercury vapor emitted during cremation from dental amalgam fillings containing mercury. The recoverable packets are placed external to the body and within the combustion chamber during cremation, and not within the flue or exhausts exiting the combustion chambers. In various embodiments, the recoverable packets are positioned within the casket or primary combustion chamber, and may be preferably positioned proximate the head and neck of the body with the aid of selectively-refractory containment structures. After cremation, the mercury laden recoverable sorbent packets may be removed from the ashen remains of the body, and optionally the mercury may be recovered and the sorbent packet reprocessed for reuse.

Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high ort low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.

Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high ort low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.

A process for the absorption of a target gaseous component from a gas stream comprising the steps of: contacting the gas stream with an absorber comprising an liquid absorbent for absorbing the target gaseous component to produce a rich liquid absorbent stream and a non target gaseous component, said non target gaseous component including water vapour; treating the rich liquid absorbent stream in a desorber to thereby release the target gaseous component and a water vapour component into a desorber gas stream and produce a lean liquid absorbent stream; and forming a recovered water stream from the output of a water separator for separating the water vapour from the target gaseous component, said water separator forming part of the absorber and/or the desorber. The lean liquid absorbent stream exiting the desorber is treated with a forward osmosis (FO) membrane unit comprising a water permeable membrane, wherein the membrane unit transfers water from a salt water stream through the water permeable membrane to the lean liquid absorbent stream, thereby replenishing at least part of the water removed in the process.

A process for the absorption of a target gaseous component from a gas stream comprising the steps of: contacting the gas stream with an absorber comprising an liquid absorbent for absorbing the target gaseous component to produce a rich liquid absorbent stream and a non target gaseous component, said non target gaseous component including water vapour; treating the rich liquid absorbent stream in a desorber to thereby release the target gaseous component and a water vapour component into a desorber gas stream and produce a lean liquid absorbent stream; and forming a recovered water stream from the output of a water separator for separating the water vapour from the target gaseous component, said water separator forming part of the absorber and/or the desorber. The lean liquid absorbent stream exiting the desorber is treated with a forward osmosis (FO) membrane unit comprising a water permeable membrane, wherein the membrane unit transfers water from a salt water stream through the water permeable membrane to the lean liquid absorbent stream, thereby replenishing at least part of the water removed in the process.