The present invention relates to a method for reconditioning bearing lubricants that can be used in equipment for metal working, in which cooling lubricant that can be used in equipment for metal working is separated from the bearing lubricant. In addition the invention relates to a bearing lubricant for use in the method according to the invention.

Antidegradant compounds are disclosed, and methods of making them, that are represented by the formula I: ##STR00001## wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of ethyl, methyl, or hydrogen. Also disclosed are diimine intermediates corresponding to formula III: ##STR00002## wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of ethyl, methyl, or hydrogen. These intermediates themselves exhibit antidegradant activity.

Disclosed is a method for preventing and/or reducing abnormal combustion of fuel in a motor vehicle engine that includes the use of a lubricating composition including at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine.

The passage of a container along a conveyor is lubricated by applying to the container or conveyor a mixture of a water-miscible silicone material and a water-miscible lubricant. The mixture can be applied in relatively low amounts, to provide thin, substantially non-dripping lubricating films. In contrast to dilute aqueous lubricants, the lubricants of the invention provide drier lubrication of the conveyors and containers, a cleaner conveyor line and reduced lubricant usage, thereby reducing waste, cleanup and disposal problems.

A urea grease of the invention is prepared by applying shear at a shear rate of 10.sup.2 s.sup.1 or more to a mixture solution of an amine mixture containing an alicyclic monoamine and a chain aliphatic monoamine, and a diisocyanate compound to cause a reaction in the mixture, in which the urea grease has Peak High32-64s of 1.5 or less and Level High32-64s of 10 or less according to an FAG method.

The invention provides a method for improving the air release of a lubricating oil in a hydraulic system, said method comprising supplying the lubricating oil to the hydraulic system. The air release is measured according to ASTM D3427.

A grease for a rolling bearing of an information recording and reproducing apparatus contains a base oil, a thickener, and at least one kind of an antioxidant selected from an amine-based antioxidant expressed by the General Formula (1), and a phenol-based antioxidant expressed by the General Formula (2). The base oil contains a refined mineral oil classified as Group III in a base oil category defined by the American Petroleum Institute, and the flash point of the refined mineral oil is 240 C. or higher.

A viscosity modifier for lubricating oils according to the present invention contains a resin (), wherein the resin () satisfies specific requirements, and contains a grafted olefin polymer [R1] which is composed of a main chain and a side chain(s) and which satisfies the following requirements (i) and (ii). (i) The main chain is composed of a copolymer of ethylene and at least one -olefin selected from -olefins having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and contains the structural units derived from ethylene within the range of from 74 to 86 mol %. (ii) The side chain(s) is/are composed of a copolymer of ethylene and at least one -olefin selected from -olefins having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and contain(s) the structural units derived from ethylene within the range of from 30 to 65 mol %.

A lubricant composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A fuel composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine by using a fuel additive composition in a gasoline fuel composition. The fuel additive composition contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

A method for preventing or reducing engine knock or pre-ignition in a high compression spark ignition engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition that contains (i) a lubricating oil base stock comprising at least one ester including at least one group selected from the group consisting of Formula (1), Formula (2), and Formula (3): ##STR00001##
The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.