The present invention generally relates to a method for applying a coating of hydrophilic polymers onto polyvinylalcohol-based hydrogel contact lenses to improve lubricity. In particular, the present invention is directed to a method for forming a coating on a contact lens, preferably a polyvinylalcohol-based hydrogel contact lens, directly in the primary package and maintaining the coated contact lens within said primary package until insertion of the coated contact lens in the eye of the contact lens user. The resultant polyvinylalcohol-based hydrogel contact lens has a coating with improved lubricity and good durability and also can be used directly from the lens package by a patient without washing and/or rinsing.

Herein is provided a process for producing renewable products, such as alkenes, from a feedstock of biological origin. The process includes subjecting a feedstock including fatty acid glycerides and optionally free fatty acids, wherein at least one hydrocarbon chain is unsaturated, to esterification reaction in the presence of an alcohol. The ester stream thereby obtained is then fractionated and a fraction including esters of unsaturated C18 fatty acids is subjected to metathesis conditions in the presence of an alkene to obtain metathesis products. Fractionation of the metathesis products includes recovery of at least renewable 1-decene, and unsaturated C10-C15 fatty acid esters.

Proposed is a process of producing a high-quality lube base oil using a refined oil fraction obtained from waste lubricant as a feedstock. The process includes purifying waste lubricant to obtain a refined oil fraction, pretreating the refined oil fraction, and blending the pretreated refined oil fraction with unconverted oil (UCO), before or after vacuum distillation and catalytic dewaxing of the unconverted oil, or between the vacuum distillation and the catalytic dewaxing of the unconverted oil.

A lubricant composition that comprises a hydrocarbon base oil, a polar viscosity improver; and an esterified polyalkylene glycol: R.sup.1[O(R.sup.2O).sub.n(R.sup.3O).sub.m(C═O)R.sup.4].sub.p, wherein R.sup.1 is a linear alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sup.2O is an oxypropylene moiety derived from 1, 2-propylene oxide; R.sup.3O is an oxybutylene moiety derived from butylene oxide, wherein R.sup.2O and R.sup.3O are in a block or a random distribution; R.sup.4 is a linear alkyl with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl with 4 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl with 6 to 18 carbon atoms; n and m are each independently integers ranging from 0 to 20 wherein n+m is greater than 0, and p is an integer from 1 to 4. The lubricant composition may have a viscosity index of at least 150, a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 2 to 5 centistokes and a kinematic viscosity at −20° C. of at most 600 centistokes.

A process for combined renewable 1-decene and renewable carboxylic diacid production from a fatty acid ester containing feedstock, wherein the feedstock is first subjected to metathesis reaction conditions, recovery of 1-decene and then to microbial oxidation to yield diacids in a fermentation broth. Diacids of unusual carbon chains lengths are thereby obtainable.

The present invention describes a process for obtaining a biolubricant from vegetable oil, which comprises the steps of (a) esterification reaction of the product of vegetable oil hydrolysis using a branched aliphatic alcohol; (b) epoxidation reaction of the esters obtained in step (a); and (c) nucleophilic substitution reaction of the epoxidated esters obtained in step (b) using a branched aliphatic alcohol. The present invention also describes a biolubricant obtained from the process. More specifically, a biolubricant is described that is produced from a ricinoleic fatty acid, whose formula is illustrated in FIG. 1 of the present invention, and where R.sub.1 is a hydroxyl or it is from the formula R.sub.3COO.sup.−, with R.sub.3 being an alkyl radical C.sub.1-C.sub.3, preferably a methyl radical; and R.sub.2 consists of a straight chain of hydrocarbons C.sub.4-C.sub.8 and a branched chain of hydrocarbons C.sub.1-C.sub.3.

The present disclosure provides a lubricating composition or grease and methods of making and using the same. The lubricating composition or grease includes a sulfonated lignin and a lubricant comprising a soap thickener and a base oil.

The invention relates to a composition preparation method for preparing a composition of estolides, the method comprising reacting an unsaturated compound of a type such as an acid or ester, with a saturated fatty acid; in the presence of a catalyst of a type such as sulphonic acid, the said method including no vacuum distillation step thereby making it possible to separate the monoestolides from the polyestolides. The invention also relates to a composition of estolides that is obtainable by the method according to the invention and the use thereof in lubricating compositions.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a composition of diesters comprising reacting an unsaturated compound of alcohol type or the ester thereof, with a saturated fatty acid, in the presence of an acid catalyst. The invention also relates to a composition of diesters that is obtainable by the method of the invention, and the use thereof in lubricating compositions or in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions.

The present invention provides a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula:

R.sup.1—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4—R.sup.5

(in the formula, R.sup.3 represents a perfluoropolyether chain; R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 each independently represent any of an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an organic group having a double bond or a triple bond, and a hydrogen atom; —R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3 is represented by -[A]-[B]—O—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3; R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4— is represented by R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—O—[C]-[D]-; [A] is represented by Formula (4), [B] is represented by Formula (5), [C] is represented by Formula (6), and [D] is represented by Formula (7)):

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