The present disclosure relates to the neutral amino acid salts of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs), and a process for producing same comprising mixing one or more PUFA in an acid form, an alkali base and a neutral amino acid in a mixture of a first organic solvent and water, adding a second organic solvent to the mixture in an amount effective for precipitating the salts of PUFAs, and evaporating the first and second organic solvents and water to recover the neutral amino acid salts of PUFAs.

The object of an aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a long-chain fatty acid, the method making it possible to prevent a coloring component from being contained in the long-chain fatty acid and recover the long-chain fatty acid at a high yield. The above problem is solved by providing a method for producing a long-chain fatty acid, the method including the steps of: (a) with use of an enzyme, decomposing, into fatty acids, triglyceride contained in a raw vegetable oil which is derived from a vegetable-derived oil-containing waste; (b) removing, by distillation, a short-chain fatty acid contained in the raw vegetable oil which has been subjected to the step (a); and (c) recovering, by short-path distillation, a long-chain fatty acid contained in the raw vegetable oil which has been subjected to the step (b).

Disclosed are multifunctional compounds represented by structural formula (I):

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methods of producing compounds represented by structural formula (I) and their use in inhibiting corrosion in corrodible material.

A process is provided for removing organic chlorides from glyceride oil. The process includes the steps of (a) reacting a glyceride oil comprising organic chlorides with a liquid aqueous system at a temperature of at least 80° C. to form a treated glyceride oil and (b) separating the treated glyceride oil from the liquid aqueous system. The treated glyceride oil has a reduced concentration of organic chlorides compared to the glyceride oil reacted in step (a).

Electroless underwater metal plating of a surface of fixed or floating structure is accomplished by transferring to the surface metal ions from a metal precursor in a solid or semisolid electrolyte that is pressed against and moved over a submerged surface. Metal ions from a metal salt blended in the solid or semisolid material plate the underwater substrate.

Electroless underwater metal plating of a surface of fixed or floating structure is accomplished by transferring to the surface metal ions from a metal precursor in a solid or semisolid electrolyte that is pressed against and moved over a submerged surface. Metal ions from a metal salt blended in the solid or semisolid material plate the underwater substrate.

The invention relates to an estolide ester composition with improved sensory properties for cosmetic or pharmaceutical topical applications.

An example composition according to the present disclosure includes, among other possible things, water and an active product including ethoxylated castor oil, wherein the ethoxylated castor oil has a degree of ethoxylation defined as CO—X, where the ethoxylated castor oil is a reaction product of castor oil and X moles of ethylene oxide. The active product comprises between about 20 percent and about 50 percent by weight of the composition. The ethoxylated castor oil is dispersible or soluble in the water such that the composition is homogenous, and the composition has a viscosity of about 10,000 cps or less.

An alkoxylated bio-oil composition is provided. The alkoxylated bio-oil composition may include an alkoxylated bio-oil prepared from an alkoxylation of dewatered bio-oil. A method for preparing an alkoxylated bio-oil composition is provided. A copolymer composition is provided. The copolymer composition may include an alkoxylated bio-oil copolymer unit. A method for preparing a copolymer composition is provided.

A process and system for separating bio-gasoline, bio-diesel and bio-fuel oil fractions from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable gasoline including at least in part the bio-gasoline fraction, is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a bio-gasoline fraction and a heavy fraction based on their boiling points. At least a portion of the bio-gasoline fraction is directly blended with a petroleum-derived gasoline, without any prior hydrotreatment, to thereby provide a renewable gasoline composition.