The present invention provides beverages and pharmaceutical compositions containing a deuterated alcohol according to Formula 1, and provides methods for their manufacture and use.

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The compositions of the invention are expected to ameliorate some of the negative side effects associated with the consumption of alcohol, such as hangover and facial flushing.

The present invention relates to the unexpected discovery of a new strain of yeast, dubbed GY7B, which is related to, but genetically and phenotypically distinct from, Lachancea thermotolerans. The invention provides methods of brewing sour beer using GY7B, wherein the methods do not require use of lactic acid or lactic acid producing bacteria.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a deuterated ethanol from ethanol, D.sub.2O, a ruthenium catalyst, and a co-solvent.

Methods, compositions, and systems for fermentation, particularly large scale operations for production of ethanol and dried distiller's grain are provided. Addition of a transglutaminase source to a process stream aids in removing protein from the system in order to provide a high protein feed product and/or provide clarified backset for fermentation. Transglutaminase can be in reagent form or can be produced by microorganisms added to the process stream.

An arrangement for brewing and dispensing fermented drinks, primarily beers, by portions using concentrates in a personalized, tailor-made manner that is fit for self-service. The arrangement is fitted with a primary alcohol unit and a secondary alcohol unit, which are suitable for adjusting the alcohol content for each portion and contain an alcohol and water mixture of a fermented liquid, and the controlling part is connected to at least one alcohol adjusting part that is suitable for setting the alcohol content of each portion of beverage. A fermented base concentrate and alcohol originating from the fermented beverage, left in and/or extracted from the base concentrate, is used as raw material, and the alcohol content of the beverage is adjusted by adding further alcohol, and the flavour of each portion of beverage is adjusted as desired.

An arrangement for brewing and dispensing fermented drinks, primarily beers, by portions using concentrates in a personalized, tailor-made manner that is fit for self-service. The arrangement is fitted with a primary alcohol unit and a secondary alcohol unit, which are suitable for adjusting the alcohol content for each portion and contain an alcohol and water mixture of a fermented liquid, and the controlling part is connected to at least one alcohol adjusting part that is suitable for setting the alcohol content of each portion of beverage. A fermented base concentrate and alcohol originating from the fermented beverage, left in and/or extracted from the base concentrate, is used as raw material, and the alcohol content of the beverage is adjusted by adding further alcohol, and the flavour of each portion of beverage is adjusted as desired.

A method, and related apparatus, for producing beer from any types of grains includes activating phenomena of controlled hydro-dynamic cavitation during all the steps of the process, from mashing to hopping, and possibly after yeast inoculation. The present method and apparatus provide a number of advantages over traditional techniques, for example, avoiding the pre-crushing of the malts or the grains, thereby increasing the efficiency of saccharification and of starch extraction, and avoiding the boiling at equal efficiency of the hopping. Another advantage is the opportunity of causing the concentration of gluten to fall in the final product simply with controlled hydraulic processes through electromechanics, and of possibly extending fermentation.

A method, and related apparatus, for producing beer from any types of grains includes activating phenomena of controlled hydro-dynamic cavitation during all the steps of the process, from mashing to hopping, and possibly after yeast inoculation. The present method and apparatus provide a number of advantages over traditional techniques, for example, avoiding the pre-crushing of the malts or the grains, thereby increasing the efficiency of saccharification and of starch extraction, and avoiding the boiling at equal efficiency of the hopping. Another advantage is the opportunity of causing the concentration of gluten to fall in the final product simply with controlled hydraulic processes through electromechanics, and of possibly extending fermentation.

The present invention relates to methods for producing high levels of alcohol during fermentation of plant material, and to the high alcohol beer produced. The method can include fractionating the plant material. The present invention also relates to methods for producing high protein distiller's dried grain from fermentation of plant material, and to the high protein distiller's dried grain produced. The method can include drying a co-product by ring drying, flash drying, or fluid bed drying. The present invention further relates to reduced stack emissions from drying distillation products from the production of ethanol.

The present invention relates to methods for producing high levels of alcohol during fermentation of plant material, and to the high alcohol beer produced. The method can include fractionating the plant material. The present invention also relates to methods for producing high protein distiller's dried grain from fermentation of plant material, and to the high protein distiller's dried grain produced. The method can include drying a co-product by ring drying, flash drying, or fluid bed drying. The present invention further relates to reduced stack emissions from drying distillation products from the production of ethanol.