The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

The present invention relates to an oil comprising at least one polyunsaturated fatty acid having at least 20 carbon atoms (LC-PUFA). It is found that LC-PUFA-containing oil are susceptible to gelling by formation of microscopic crystals during storage ultimately resulting in unfavorable quality and handling properties. This problem has been particularly observed with a microbial oil comprising at least about 25% by weight LC-PUFA and a moisture content of 0.2 to 5% by weight. Surprisingly, it has been found that a LC-PUFA-containing oil as described above is effectively stable and does not show gelling properties under conventional storage conditions, if the oil composition as such contains less than about 8% preferably less than about 5% by weight of free fatty acid in the residual moisture of the oil. Therefore, the present invention is directed to an oil comprising at least about 25% by weight LC-PUFA and a moisture content comprising less than about 8% preferably less than about 5% by weight of free fatty acid.

The present disclosure provides improved methods for bead beating and a bead beating system useful therefor. The present disclosure further provides methods of using the bead beating system to extract nucleic acids from cells containing the nucleic acids.

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions, e.g., formulations, used for gastric, gastrointestinal and/or colonic treatments or lavage, for inducing the purgation of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including a colon; and methods for making and using them. In alternative embodiments, compositions and methods of the invention are used for the stabilization, amelioration, treatment and/or prevention of constipation, for the treatment of abdominal pain, particularly non-specific abdominal pain, and diarrhea, including diarrhea caused by a drug side effect, a psychological condition, a disease or a condition such as Crohn's Disease, a poison, a toxin or an infection, e.g., a toxin-mediated traveler's diarrhea, or C. difficile or the pseudo-membranous colitis associated with this infection. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides pharmaceuticals and products (articles) of manufacture for delivering these compositions and formulations to an individual. The invention also provides devices for delivering a fecal material to a patient.

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions, e.g., formulations, used for gastric, gastrointestinal and/or colonic treatments or lavage, for inducing the purgation of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including a colon; and methods for making and using them. In alternative embodiments, compositions and methods of the invention are used for the stabilization, amelioration, treatment and/or prevention of constipation, for the treatment of abdominal pain, particularly non-specific abdominal pain, and diarrhea, including diarrhea caused by a drug side effect, a psychological condition, a disease or a condition such as Crohn's Disease, a poison, a toxin or an infection, e.g., a toxin-mediated traveler's diarrhea, or C. difficile or the pseudo-membranous colitis associated with this infection. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides pharmaceuticals and products (articles) of manufacture for delivering these compositions and formulations to an individual. The invention also provides devices for delivering a fecal material to a patient.

A method for preparing a fermented drink is described. The method comprises the initiation of fermentation by inoculating the fermentable drink with fermentative bacteria in the form of biofilm.

The present invention belongs to the field of microbial technology, and specifically relates to a strain of Hericium erinaceus HT-3, with a deposit number of CCTCC No: M 2018567. The present invention also relates to a screening method for Hericium erinaceus HT-3. The screening method comprises the steps of purifying the strain of Hericium erinaceus from a tissue block, fermenting and culturing the strain, soak extracting ergothioneine from the mycelium cells in the fermentation broth, detecting the ergothioine content in the fermentation broth. The Hericium erinaceus strain screened according to the present invention has high ergothioneine yield, and the screening method is simple in process, easy to be operated, and low in production cost.

The present invention provides novels genes encoding methyl butenol (MBO) synthase, methy butenol synthases and their use in methyl butenol production.

A living hydrated mycelium composite containing at least one of a combination of mycelium and fibers, mycelium and particles, and mycelium, particles and fibers is processed with a nutrient material to promote mycelia tissue growth; thereafter dehydrated to a moisture content of less than 50% by weight to deactivate the further growth of mycelia tissue; and then stored. The stored dehydrated mycelium composite is further processed by rehydrating to reactivate the mycelium and to initiate growth of at least one fruiting body.

Methods of producing biological materials from cells and organisms are provided. Aspects of the methods include modulating the stress conditions of the cells and/or organism to produce biological materials having one or more desired properties. In certain aspects, the cell or organism is evaluated to detect the presence or absence of a stressed phenotype, wherein an unstressed phenotype may be produced before the cell or organism produces the biological material of interest. The biological materials produced from such cells and organisms may be used for a variety of applications, including therapeutic, research, and other applications.