It has been found that the combination of enzymes, in particular the combination of a thermophilic serine protease and a lipase, are able to improve the short bite in bakery products. Provided herein are compositions comprising these enzymes, the use of this combination of enzymes and methods for preparing bakery products using the combination of a thermophilic serine protease and a lipase.

It has been found that the combination of enzymes, in particular the combination of a thermophilic serine protease and a lipase, are able to improve the short bite in bakery products. Provided herein are compositions comprising these enzymes, the use of this combination of enzymes and methods for preparing bakery products using the combination of a thermophilic serine protease and a lipase.

The present disclosure relates to an adenylosuccinate synthetase variant, a microorganism containing the same, and a method for preparing purine nucleotides using the microorganism.

Disclosed are compositions and methods for gene editing. The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for gene editing using a Cas nickase to cleave a double-stranded nucleic acid sequence near a target site and a ligase to incorporate a nucleic acid into a double-stranded nucleic acid sequence. The present disclosure also provides reagents for use in the gene editing methods. The present disclosure further provides kits containing reagents for use in the gene editing methods.

The use of microorganisms to make alpha-functionalized chemicals and fuels, (e.g. alpha-functionalized carboxylic acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, amines, and their beta-, and omega-functionalized derivatives), by utilizing an iterative carbon chain elongation pathway that uses functionalized extender units. The core enzymes in the pathway include thiolase, dehydrogenase, dehydratase and reductase. Native or engineered thiolases catalyze the condensation of either unsubstituted or functionalized acyl-CoA primers with an alpha-functionalized acetyl-CoA as the extender unit to generate alpha-functionalized β-keto acyl-CoA. Dehydrogenase converts alpha-functionalized β-keto acyl-CoA to alpha-functionalized β-hydroxy acyl-CoA. Dehydratase converts alpha-functionalized β-hydroxy acyl-CoA to alpha-functionalized enoyl-CoA. Reductase converts alpha-functionalized enoyl-CoA to alpha-functionalized acyl-CoA. The platform can be operated in an iterative manner (i.e. multiple turns) by using the resulting alpha-functionalized acyl-CoA as primer and the aforementioned alpha-functionalized extender unit in subsequent turns of the cycle. Termination pathways acting on any of the four alpha-functionalized CoA thioester intermediates terminate the platform and generate various alpha-functionalized carboxylic acids, alcohols and amines with different β-reduction degree.

The invention includes a mutant T4 DNA ligase or a biologically active fragment thereof, which has greater activity than wild type T4 DNA ligase. The mutant T4 DNA ligase, or the biologically active fragment, has one or more substitutions differing from the wild type, as described more fully in the Summary with reference to the Sequence Listing.

The invention is in the field of therapy of gut inflammatory diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) or Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) including Gluten hypersensitivity. The inventors showed that ELA2A secreted by epithelial cells in the extracellular space is over-expressed in IBD conditions degrading tight junction proteins and controlling cytokines expression. Overexpression of ELA2A conferred a pro-inflammatory phenotype both in cell expression systems and in vivo in animal model of IBD. The inventors also showed that ELA2 over-expressing intestinal epithelial cells increase the release of CXCL8 protein compared to control cells. The increased CXCL-8 protein release observed in cells overexpressing ELA2A is inhibited by ELAFIN addition to the culture, in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the invention relates to inhibitors of Elastase ELA2A, for use in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, such as Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Celiac disease, and Pouchitis.

The invention is in the field of therapy of gut inflammatory diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) or Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) including Gluten hypersensitivity. The inventors showed that ELA2A secreted by epithelial cells in the extracellular space is over-expressed in IBD conditions degrading tight junction proteins and controlling cytokines expression. Overexpression of ELA2A conferred a pro-inflammatory phenotype both in cell expression systems and in vivo in animal model of IBD. The inventors also showed that ELA2 over-expressing intestinal epithelial cells increase the release of CXCL8 protein compared to control cells. The increased CXCL-8 protein release observed in cells overexpressing ELA2A is inhibited by ELAFIN addition to the culture, in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the invention relates to inhibitors of Elastase ELA2A, for use in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, such as Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Celiac disease, and Pouchitis.

A fungal cell is capable of producing high levels of fatty acids and fatty acid-derived products. The fungal cell comprises at least one modification to the endogenous fatty acid metabolism.

The present disclosure provides recombinant microorganisms and methods for the anaerobic production of 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid from one or more carbon sources. The microorganisms and methods provide redox-balanced and ATP positive pathways for co-producing 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid with ethanol and for co-producing 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid with ethanol and 1-propanol. The method provides recombinant microorganisms that express endogenous and/or exogenous nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides that catalyze the conversion of a carbon source into 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid and that coupled the 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid pathway with an additional metabolic pathway.