The present invention relates to microfluidic fluidic systems and methods for the in vitro modeling diseases of the lung and small airway. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a system for testing responses of a microfluidic Small Airway-on-Chip infected with one or more infectious agents (e.g. respiratory viruses) as a model of respiratory disease exacerbation (e.g. asthma exacerbation). In one embodiment, this disease model on a microfluidic chip allows for a) the testing of anti-inflammatory and/or anti-viral compounds introduced into the system, as well as b) the monitoring of the participation, recruitment and/or movement of immune cells, including the transmigration of cells. In particular, this system provides, in one embodiment, an in-vitro platform for modeling severe asthma as Severe Asthma-on-Chip. In some embodiments, this invention provides a model of viral-induced asthma in humans for use in identifying potentially effective treatments.

Failing and degenerating organs may be induced to recover by administering a serum augmenting natural paracrine to extend replenishment. The serum may be collected from a stressed culture of cells and administered to an organ and/or tissue. The stressed serum may also be combined with cells to be implanted to increase recovery, viability and/or establishment of cells.

A new way of establishing clinical-grade exosome banks includes breakthroughs on three fundamental pre-requisite criteria. These three breakthroughs are developing a novel protocol for isolating exosomes, developing a simple and rapid test to predict potency, and using a novel cryoprotectant solution, trehalose solution, to store exosomes. Conditioned media culture is clarified using the SYR2-U20 KR2i automated TFF system. The culture then undergoes two distinct concentration processes, after which the exosomes can be concentrated into 1 ml. Furthermore, a simple and rapid test can predict the potency of mesenchymal stem cell, derived exosomes in T cell suppression assay. A higher percentage of CD90 has been found to be correlated with higher suppression activity. These tests can be used for quality controls in clinical trial. Furthermore, the usage of trehalose solution increases the stability of exosomes and keeps their potencies over long periods of time.

The present invention relates to compositions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) which are characterized by a strong proangiogenic activity and are effective in the therapeutic treatment of ischemic diseases and ischemic injuries or in wound healing. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) suitable for use in the compositions of the invention are either derived from a blood component or are selected by means of a potency test for pro-angiogenesis. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing a pharmaceutical preparation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) characterized by a strong proangiogenic activity.

A method of generating an induced trophoblast stem cell (iTSC) from a human cell is provided. Accordingly there is provided a method comprising expressing within a human cell GATA3 and OCT4 transcription factors, under conditions which allow generation of an iTSC from the cell. Also provided is a method of rejuvenating and/or de-differentiating a human cell. Also provided are nucleic acid constructs, protein preparation, isolated human cells, human iTSCs, rejuvenated cells and de-differentiated cells.

Disclosed herein are bioreactor systems and methods of utilizing said systems.

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), wherein the extracellular-vesicles are essentially free of vesicles not derived from the MSCs, and wherein the extracellular-vesicles are essentially free of heparin. The invention further relates to the extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), to a pharmaceutical composition comprising such extracellular-vesicles and to the use of the pharmaceutical composition in the treatment of (a) bone defect(s), tendon defect(s) and/or spinal cord injury. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention can further comprise one or more Bone Morphogenic Proteins (BMPs), such as BMP2.

The present invention relates to a novel feeder cell and a method for growing gamma delta T cells using the same. More specifically, a large amount of gamma delta T cells may be grown in vitro with high purity and without simulation of a T cell receptor by using a feeder cell into which costimulatory molecules are introduced and a low concentration of IL-2, differentiation into central memory cells may be possible when stimulated, activity by the feeder cell, and cytolytic against tumour cells is provided.

Provided are modified tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte and the use thereof, in particular provided is a method for culturing the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), which comprises increasing the expression and/or enhancing the activity of at least one cytokine of the TIL. Also provided is a method for preventing and/or treating tumors by using the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte.

The present invention relates to hydrogel scaffold and the uses thereof. In a specific embodiment, the hydrogel scaffold comprises gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), alginate and pectin, and one or more cell types. In another embodiment, the one or more cell types comprise stem cells and/or progenitor cells. The stem cells are adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) or mesenchymal stem cells. The present invention further relates to the method of fabricating the hydrogel scaffold as well as a method of myogenic differentiation with the hydrogel scaffold.