Provided is a non-antibody binding protein binding to PD-1 receptor which has a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 and its analogues. Also provided is use of the non-antibody binding protein in the preparation of a formulation for treating PD-1 pathway related diseases.

Provided is a method for obtaining female germline stem cells from follicular aspirates.

The present invention relates to a method for culturing a 3-dimensional lung cancer organoid and a method for preparing a patient-derived xenograft animal model using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for culturing a 3-dimensional lung cancer organoid, a lung cancer organoid prepared by the method, a medium composition for culturing the lung cancer organoid, a method for preparing a xenograft animal model using the lung cancer organoid, a patient-derived lung cancer organoid xenograft animal model prepared by the method, and a method for analyzing therapeutic efficacy of an anticancer agent and a method for screening an anticancer agent, using the animal model.

The present invention provides hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) as a target in the prevention/treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is the first time to report the target that illustrated mechanisms of iron metabolism in astrocytes, accordingly to confirm the similarities and differences of iron traffic between astrocytes and neurons, leading to indicated the iron source of iron deposition in dopaminergic (DA) neurons and make sure the cause of iron is unevenly distributed in different brain regions, as well as the effects of glias on the role of iron traffic in neurons. It is HIF-2α, regulates the iron traffic in astrocytes. Therefore, not only a new action target HIF-2α is provided for preventing/treating PD iron deposition, but also a brand-new research thought and experimental evidence are provided for the iron transport mechanism of the astrocytes as the high iron source of nerve cells.

A method of dissociating single cells from a biological tissue sample is described herein, along with systems for performing such methods. The method includes generating one or more ultrasonic wave pulses using a transducer comprising one or more Fresnel Annular Sector Actuator (FASA) elements; and applying energy from the generated one or more ultrasonic wave pulses to a sample container holding the biological tissue sample through a coupling medium that couples the one or more FASA elements to the sample container to dissociate single cells from the biological tissue is described herein.

The invention provides systems, modules, bioreactor and methods for the automated culture, proliferation, differentiation, production and maintenance of tissue engineered products. In one aspect is an automated tissue engineering system comprising a housing, at least one bioreactor supported by the housing, the bioreactor facilitating physiological cellular functions and/or the generation of one or more tissue constructs from cell and/or tissue sources. A fluid containment system is supported by the housing and is in fluid communication with the bioreactor. One or more sensors are associated with one or more of the housing, bioreactor or fluid containment system for monitoring parameters related to the physiological cellular functions and/or generation of tissue constructs; and a microprocessor linked to one or more of the sensors. The systems, methods and products of the invention find use in various clinical and laboratory settings.

A method for isolation, enrichment and co-culture of foetal polymix involving two or more components of mesenchymal stem cells derived from, but not limited to, placenta, amnion, amniotic fluid, chorion and umbilical cord and/or other products of conception under hypoxic or otherwise and/or normoxic/general conditions for treatment of a plurality of disorders ranging from congenital to degenerative to developmental to malignant disorders and diseases prior to therapeutic administration.

The present disclosure provides methods of generating germ layers from stem cells comprising culturing the stem cells in a culture medium having an osmolality less than 340 mOsm/kg. The present disclosure also includes a method to generate different cell lineages from the germ layers as well as to detect them by immunological methods. The present disclosure further provides methods for the generation, isolation, cultivation and propagation of committed progenitor cells and for the production of differentiated cells from the three germ layers. The present disclosure also provides culture media for use in inducing the three germ layers.

Provided is a method for efficiently and stably separating cells having a high biological activity from a biological tissue, by using a degrading-enzyme composition, which is prepared by adding an enzyme for degrading a major protein of the biological tissue in an amount determined depending on the composition of the major protein to a predetermined amount of a neutral protease and/or a protease derived from Clostridium sp. According to this method, the type and amount of protein-degrading enzyme to be used for isolating cells can be determined from the composition of a major protein of the biological tissue. Thus, cells having a high biological activity can be efficiently separated while reducing the amount of protein-degrading enzyme to be used.

The present invention relates to methods for obtaining skeletal muscle derived cells (SMDC), and the use of SMDCs in a method of preventing and/or treating neuromyopathies and/or myopathies, wherein the neuromyopathy and/or myopathy is incontinence, in particular a urinary and/or an anal or fecal incontinence.