A system and method for growing and maintaining biological material including producing a protein associated with the tissue, selecting cells associated with the tissue, expanding the cells, creating at least one tissue bio-ink including the expanded cells, printing the at least one tissue bio-ink in at least one tissue growth medium mixture, growing the tissue from the printed at least one tissue bio-ink, and maintaining viability of the tissue.

Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

A scaffold material for cell culture having excellent cell colonization is provided. A scaffold material for cell culture according to the present invention includes a synthetic resin having a main chain and a graft chain, wherein the graft chain has a polydentate hydrogen-bonding group represented by the following formula (1) in a side chain: *—R-(A.sub.i).sub.n (1) wherein R represents a group having 50 or less carbon atoms, A.sub.i represents an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfone group, an imino group, or a thiol group, i represents a natural number, n represents an integer of two or more and four or less, and * represents a bonding position with another atom constituting the graft chain; and A.sub.i may be identical or different from each other.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to conductive graphene matrix-encapsulated cells. A matrix-encapsulated cell includes an encapsulating polymer matrix including a biopolymer and graphene. The matrix-encapsulated cell also includes one or more of the cells encapsulated within the encapsulating polymer, wherein the graphene directly contacts at least some of the cells. The matrix encapsulating the one or more cells is electrically conductive.

Methods of culturing and manufacturing of cells on a large-scale level are disclosed. Particularly, a manufacturing system and device, and methods of using the system and device for culturing and manufacturing cells in hollow fibers made from alginate polymers are provided.

The present disclosure relates to tissue supports for use with engineered tissues and organoids, such as cardiac organoid chambers. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tissue supports are provided with a fluid-impermeable resilient member that is resiliently deformable during testing by cultured tissues formed on the surface of the tissue support.

The present disclosure provides, in some embodiments, in vitro brain (miBRAIN) having functional and structural properties of in vivo brain as well as methods of identifying compounds capable of influencing brain function.

In accordance with the method of the present invention, 3D tissue-derived scaffolding materials are made in various formats, including but not limited to hydrogel, sponge, fibers, microspheres, and films, all of which function to better preserve natural extracellular matrix molecules and to mimic the natural tissue environment, thereby effectively guiding tissue regeneration. The method involves incorporating a homogenized tissue-derived suspension into a polymeric solution of synthetic, natural, or hybrid polymers to prepare tissue-derived scaffolds in the aforementioned formats. Such tissue-derived scaffolds and scaffolding materials have a variety of utilities, including: the creation of 3D tissue models such as skin, bone, liver, pancreas, lung, and so on; facilitation of studies on cell-matrix interactions; and the fabrication of implantable scaffolding materials for guided tissue formation in vivo. The tissue-derived scaffolds and scaffolding materials made in accordance with the present invention also provide the opportunity to correlate the functions of extracellular matrix with tissue regeneration and cancer metastasis, for example.

A method of preparing and obtaining cell aggregates having increased oxygenation abilities. The method includes the preparation of fluorinated polymeric microparticles. Once the fluorinated polymeric microparticles are prepared, they are combined with mammalian cells to create the cell aggregates having increased oxygenation.

Mineralization occurs during weathering of silicate materials/rocks rich in CA+ and Mg+, particularly peridotite which composes Earth's upper mantle. The carbon mineralization mantle peridotite is the base activated carbon for nanostructured-carbon-base-material. The nanostructured-carbon-base-material using mantle peridotite carbon mineralization based activated carbon nanotubes is a new catalyst for batteries and fuel-cell use that doesn't use precious metal such as platinum and that performs as effectively as many well-known, expensive precious-metal catalysts. The nanostructured-carbon-base-material using mantle peridotite carbon mineralization based activated carbon nanotubes makes possible the creation of economical lithium-air batteries that could power electric vehicles. The carbon nanotubes have useful qualities such as slim, strong, lightweight, high electronic conductivity, has metallic/semiconductive properties that are useful in (1) electronics i.e. wiring, transistor; (2) material that reinforced resin/metal; (3) energy source i.e. catalysis support, ion adsorption, capacitors; (4) nanotechnology i.e. nanostructure; and (5) biotechnology i.e. cell cultivating, drug delivery system, biosensor.