Recombinant microorganisms, plants, and plant cells are disclosed that have been engineered to express novel recombinant genes encoding steviol biosynthetic enzymes and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Such microorganisms plants, or plant cells can produce steviol or steviol glycosides, e.g., rubusoside or Rebaudioside A, which can be used as natural sweeteners in food products and dietary supplements.

This disclosure describes recombinant cells and methods for microbial biosynthesis of ent-atiserenoic acid. Thus, in one aspect, this disclosure describes a recombinant cell genetically modified to exhibit increased biosynthesis of ent-atiserenoic acid compared to a comparable control cell. In some cases, the recombinant cell can include a host cell modified to include at least one heterologous polynucleotide encoding at least one enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway that produces ent-atiserenoic acid. In some cases, the recombinant cell can include a host cell and at least one heterologous enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway that produces ent-atiserenoic acid.

This disclosure describes recombinant cells and methods for microbial biosynthesis of ent-atiserenoic acid. Thus, in one aspect, this disclosure describes a recombinant cell genetically modified to exhibit increased biosynthesis of ent-atiserenoic acid compared to a comparable control cell. In some cases, the recombinant cell can include a host cell modified to include at least one heterologous polynucleotide encoding at least one enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway that produces ent-atiserenoic acid. In some cases, the recombinant cell can include a host cell and at least one heterologous enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway that produces ent-atiserenoic acid.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protein, said protein having an activity of synthesizing rhamnose from glucose, and a polynucleotide encoding the same. Provided are a rhamnose synthase derived from stevia and a method for producing rhamnose from glucose using a gene. Also provided is a method for producing a steviol glycoside using the rhamnose synthase derived from stevia.

The present disclosure provides engineered transaminase polypeptides for the production of amines, polynucleotides encoding the engineered transaminases, host cells capable of expressing the engineered transaminases, and methods of using the engineered transaminases to prepare compounds useful in the production of active pharmaceutical agents.

The present disclosure provides engineered transaminase polypeptides for the production of amines, polynucleotides encoding the engineered transaminases, host cells capable of expressing the engineered transaminases, and methods of using the engineered transaminases to prepare compounds useful in the production of active pharmaceutical agents.

The present invention discloses a method for rapidly characterizing content variations of triterpenoids in a liquid fermentation process of Antrodia camphorata, belonging to the field of microbial fermentation. According to the method of the present invention, in the liquid fermentation of Antrodia camphorata, an analysis method of rapidly judging the content variations of triterpenoids by rapid on-line or off-line detection and analysis of the content of a volatile aromatic substance -terpineol is utilized to implement automatic control of the fermentation process. Predictive analysis of triterpenoids in the fermentation process based on variations in on-line real-time parameters increases the controllability and production predictability of the fermentation process. This is of great significance for the development and utilization of Antrodia camphorata products having various bioactivities and application thereof in industrial production.

The present invention discloses a method for rapidly characterizing content variations of triterpenoids in a liquid fermentation process of Antrodia camphorata, belonging to the field of microbial fermentation. According to the method of the present invention, in the liquid fermentation of Antrodia camphorata, an analysis method of rapidly judging the content variations of triterpenoids by rapid on-line or off-line detection and analysis of the content of a volatile aromatic substance -terpineol is utilized to implement automatic control of the fermentation process. Predictive analysis of triterpenoids in the fermentation process based on variations in on-line real-time parameters increases the controllability and production predictability of the fermentation process. This is of great significance for the development and utilization of Antrodia camphorata products having various bioactivities and application thereof in industrial production.

A method is provided for modifying yeast to express mutant avian farnesyl disphospate synthase and the resulting modified yeast. The yeast advantageously includes additional mutants including but not limited to having ergosterol dependent growth and being erg-. The modified yeast are beneficial for the production of various terpenes including diterpenes.

The invention relates to recombinant microorganisms and methods for producing steviol glycosides, glycosylated ent-kaurenol, and glycosylated ent-kaurenoic acid.