The present invention relates to improving the processing rate of a sequencing reaction, for example in a nanopore sequencing reaction, by means of using improved nucleoside-tags. The tags are linked to the nucleoside phosphate via a Pictet Spengler reaction. Exemplary sequencing reactions that are improved by the present methods include nanopore-based nucleic acid sequencing-by-synthesis reactions.

Provided are FRET-based biosensor constructs, and multiplexed platforms or arrays of these biosensor constructs useful for screening candidate drug molecules for efficacy and/or specificity of drug activity. Optionally the biosensor constructs may be located on an inner membrane within a cell or engineered to be located on the cell's surface. The cells or cell lines displaying the biosensors on a cell surface may be arranged as an array of cells for high throughput evaluation of the efficacy and/or specificity of drug candidates, such as a library of candidate drug compounds.

A method and a sensor for detecting L-cystine are disclosed. The method is implemented by assembling a sodium 3,3-dithiodipropane sulfonate (SPS) membrane on a surface of Au membrane layer of an Au electrode and using an extended gate of field effect transistor (FET) and in-situ signal amplification of the FET to detect L-cystine sensitively. The polyanion of the SPS membrane adsorbs and binds a positively charged target L-cystine through electrostatic interaction, thus forming an electric double layer structure to generate a membrane potential identifying a monovalent organic ammonium ion. The sensor includes the FET, wherein a gate-extended gold electrode is arranged on the FET, and the SPS membrane is assembled on the surface of the Au membrane layer of the gate-extended gold electrode. The sensor has an excellent Nernst response to L-cystine.

An automated method for performing an assay of the present disclosure can be performed in a microfluidic device that is a lateral flow device having numerous features to ensure correct operation of the device under gravity, such as vent pockets for enabling the flow of sample fluid from one chamber to the next when the vent pocket is unsealed. Each chamber can have a reagent recess proximal to an inlet end of the chamber. A reagent pellet formed in a reagent recess can be effectively mixed with a sample as the sample flows into the chamber. A flexible circuit with patterned metallic electrical components disposed on a heat stable material can be in direct contact with fluid in the chambers and has resistive heating elements aligned with, for example, a chamber for performing an amplification reaction. A lateral flow detection chamber can include a capillary pool proximal to a sample receiving end of a lateral flow strip, providing effective mixing and dispersion of a sample with detection particles, as well as enhancing, uniformity of particle migration on the detection strip. The microfluidic device can be configured to be hermetically sealed, thereby preventing contamination of a testing environment.

The invention relates to a method of assembling a biosensor device comprising two or more biosensor units, wherein each unit comprises one or more biosensors comprising one or more carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated with nucleic acid and one or more sensor molecules coupled to the nucleic acid, wherein each one of the one or more sensor molecules is capable of binding to a target molecule in a sample. Each biosensor unit is capable of detecting a different target molecule in a sample, and each unit comprises one or more biosensors each capable of detecting the same target molecule. The invention further relates to biosensor devices and methods for detecting target molecules in a sample using the same.

This invention relates to methods and compositions for assessing risk by measuring total and specific cell-free nucleic acids (such as DNA) in a subject. The methods and compositions provided herein can be used to determine risk of a condition, such as transplant rejection.

The present invention features Nicotiana nucleic acid sequences such as sequences encoding constitutive, or ethylene or senescence induced polypeptides, in particular cytochrome p450 enzymes, in Nicotiana plants and methods for using these nucleic acid sequences and plants to alter desirable traits, for example by using breeding protocols.

The present invention features Nicotiana nucleic acid sequences such as sequences encoding constitutive, or ethylene or senescence induced polypeptides, in particular cytochrome p450 enzymes, in Nicotiana plants and methods for using these nucleic acid sequences and plants to alter desirable traits, for example by using breeding protocols.

The present invention features Nicotiana nucleic acid sequences such as sequences encoding constitutive, or ethylene or senescence induced polypeptides, in particular cytochrome p450 enzymes, in Nicotiana plants and methods for using these nucleic acid sequences and plants to alter desirable traits, for example by using breeding protocols.

The present invention relates to methods for isolating nucleic acids present in a sample, in particular cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from a blood sample and polymers, substrates and kits for the method. Polymers with characteristics suitable to bind such nucleic acids are provided.