Described are immunogenic proteins against Clostridium difficile. Also described are compositions comprising the immunogenic proteins. Further described are methods of preventing or treating a Clostridium difficile infection in a subject in need thereof.

The disclosure is in the technical field of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. More particularly, the disclosure is in the technical field of cultivation or fermentation of metabolically engineered cells. The disclosure describes a method for the production of a di- or oligosaccharide with an N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end by a cell as well as the purification of the di- or oligosaccharide from the cultivation. Furthermore, the disclosure provides a cell metabolically engineered for production of a di- or oligosaccharide with an N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end.

This disclosure is in the technical field of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. More particularly, this disclosure is in the technical field of cultivation or fermentation of metabolically engineered cells. This disclosure provides a method for the production of a mixture of at least two different oligosaccharides by a cell as well as the purification of at least one of the oligosaccharides from the cultivation. In addition, this disclosure provides a method for the production of a mixture of at least two different oligosaccharides by a metabolically engineered cell as well as the purification of at least one of the oligosaccharides from the cultivation.

The disclosure is in the technical field of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. More particularly, the disclosure is in the technical field of cultivation or fermentation of metabolically engineered cells. The disclosure describes a cell metabolically engineered for production of an alpha-1,3 glycosylated form of fucose-alpha1,2-galactose-R (Fuc-a1,2-Gal-R). Furthermore, the disclosure provides a method for the production of an alpha-1,3 glycosylated form of Fuc-a1,2-Gal-R by a cell as well as the purification of the alpha-1,3 glycosylated form Fuc-a1,2-Gal-R from the cultivation.

An enzymatically produced soluble α-glucan fiber composition is provided suitable for use as a digestion resistant fiber in food and feed applications. The soluble α-glucan fiber composition can be blended with one or more additional food ingredients to produce fiber-containing compositions. Methods for the production and use of compositions comprising the soluble α-glucan fiber are also provided.

Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, are vectors encoding biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes), engineered cells comprising the vectors, and methods of using biosynthetic enzymes from gut microbiome-derived bacterium (e.g., Clostridia enzymes) to produce fatty acid amides.

Examples provided herein are related to detecting methylcytosine and its derivatives using S-adenosyl-L-methionine analogs (xSAMs). Compositions and methods for performing such detection are disclosed. A target polynucleotide may include cytosine (C) and methylcytosine (mC). The method may include (a) protecting the C in the target polynucleotide from deamination; and (b) after step (a), deaminating the mC in the target polynucleotide to form thymine (T). Protecting the C from deamination may include adding a protective group to the 5 position of the C, e.g., using a methyltransferase enzyme that adds the first protective group from an xSAM.

The present application relates to the use of pertussis toxin, and its derivatives, analogs, salts and pharmaceutical equivalents. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating or preventing a neurological disease or injury by administering pertussis toxin to the individual.

The present application relates to the use of pertussis toxin, and its derivatives, analogs, salts and pharmaceutical equivalents. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating or preventing a neurological disease or injury by administering pertussis toxin to the individual.

Disclosed herein are proteins capable of forming glucans having alpha-1,2 linkages/branches, reactions and methods for producing such glucan, compositions comprising such glucan, and various applications thereof.