This invention concerns a method for preparing a bacterial supernatant comprising culturing a cell of Pseudomonas environmental strain PF-11; and recovering the supernatant. This invention also concerns a method for reducing the amount of a biofilm on a surface, reducing adhesion of at least one organism to a surface, or reducing microfouling or macrofouling on a surface comprising contacting the surface with a supernatant, supernatant fraction, modified supernatant or modified supernatant fraction of Pseudomonas strain PF-11; or a composition comprising a supernatant, supernatant fraction, modified supernatant or modified supernatant fraction of Pseudomonas strain PF-11, and one or more acceptable carriers. This invention also concerns a method for killing or reducing the growth of a fungus or bacterial cell, or killing or inhibiting the development of an insect or marine copepod, comprising contacting the fungus, bacteria, insect or marine copepod with a supernatant, supernatant fraction, modified supernatant or modified supernatant fraction of a Pseudomonas strain PF-11 culture; or a composition comprising a supernatant, supernatant fraction, modified supernatant or modified supernatant fraction of a Pseudomonas strain PF-11 culture, and one or more acceptable carriers. This invention also concerns a substantially pure culture of Pseudomonas strain PF-11. This invention also concerns a culture that is enriched in Pseudomonas strain PF-11. This invention also provides a method of identifying whether a bacteria is capable of producing one or more extracellular proteases capable of digesting a high molecular weight substrate.

Processes of treating grain (e.g., corn), involving milling the grain to produce milled grain wherein the grain germ remains intact in the milled grain, and producing a mixture by mixing the milled grain with water and at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of protease, alpha amylase, glucoamylase, cell wall degrading enzyme, and mixtures thereof, wherein the pH of the mixture is optionally adjusted to a pH of about 3.5 to about 6.5, and incubating the mixture for about 1 to about 3 hours to produce an incubated mixture.

The present invention relates to: a composition for an enzymatic conversion reaction for converting proinsulin or a proinsulin analogue into insulin or an insulin analogue, the composition comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, glycine, and proline, and trypsin and/or carboxypeptidase B; and a method for converting proinsulin or a proinsulin analogue into insulin or an insulin analogue by using the composition. The present invention increases the structural stability of an insulin protein and the stability of the enzyme at the same time so as to significantly improve the enzymatic conversion yield and the purity of insulin, thereby being useful in insulin production processes.

Exemplary embodiments of the disclosure may be drawn to a device having an inlet and a chamber. Immobilized lipase, immobilized protease, and immobilized amylase may be contained within the chamber. The device may also include an outlet, wherein a flow path extends from the inlet, through the chamber, and to the outlet.

Provided herein are encapsulated cells that comprise a microbial cell modified to express a cytolytic enzyme and encapsulated with one or more layers of a cationic polymer and one or more layers of an anionic polymer that may be used in cell-free protein synthesis. To this end, methods of utilizing such encapsulated cells in synthesizing a target protein, degrading a contaminant in a contaminated environment and detecting an analyte in a sample are also disclosed herein. Further provided herein, are methods of producing such encapsulated cells.

The present invention is generally directed to fusion proteins containing a targeting sequence that targets the fusion protein to the exosporium of a Bacillus cereus family member. The invention also relates to recombinant Bacillus cereus family members expressing such fusion proteins, formulations containing the recombinant Bacillus cereus family members expressing the fusion proteins. Methods for stimulating plant growth and for protecting plants from pathogens by applying the recombinant Bacillus cereus family members or the formulations to plants or a plant growth medium are also described. The invention also relates to methods for immobilizing spores of a recombinant Bacillus cereus family member expressing a fusion protein on plant roots.

In a dishwashing liquid, the cleaning performance, in particular on bleachable stains such as, for example, tea stains, is to be improved. This succeeds using a dishwashing liquid which comprises a hydrogen peroxide source, a bleaching catalyst and a protease that, in native electrophoresis on a polyacrylamide gel, has a migration distance that is longer than the migration distance of the protease as per SEQ ID NO. 1.

A method of preparing a wort with an increased level of free amino nitrogen (FAN) comprising: a) preparing a mash from a grist comprising malt and/or adjunct; and b) adding a protease having at least 80% sequence identity to the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Some aspects of this disclosure provide methods for phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE) of proteases. Some aspects of this invention provide methods for evaluating and selecting protease inhibitors based on the likelihood of the emergence of resistant proteases as determined by the protease PACE methods provided herein. Some aspects of this disclosure provide strategies, methods, and reagents for protease PACE, including fusion proteins for translating a desired protease activity into a selective advantage for phage particles encoding a protease exhibiting such an activity and improved mutagenesis-promoting expression constructs. Evolved proteases that recognize target cleavage sites which differ from their canonical cleavage site are also provided herein.

The invention described herein relates to methods and compositions for treatment of gluten intolerance and related conditions (e.g., celiac disease and gluten sensitivity), or inhibition of inflammation and/or immune response in the intestine due to antigenic food peptides, by administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more Nepenthes enzymes.