The disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for removing a yellow color of riboflavin in a lactose solution. The methods include exposing a lactose solution (e.g. milk) containing riboflavin to light under conditions that breakdown riboflavin comprised within the solution to thereby remove the yellow color of riboflavin. The conditions that breakdown include a specific wavelength of light (e.g. light having a wavelength of 360-475 nm) and a specific temperature range (e.g. a temperature of 0-80 C.). In certain embodiments, the duration of the treatment is such that the lactose solution is exposed to a total of 5-20 kW of light.

The disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for removing a yellow color of riboflavin in a lactose solution. The methods include exposing a lactose solution (e.g. milk) containing riboflavin to light under conditions that breakdown riboflavin comprised within the solution to thereby remove the yellow color of riboflavin. The conditions that breakdown include a specific wavelength of light (e.g. light having a wavelength of 360-475 nm) and a specific temperature range (e.g. a temperature of 0-80 C.). In certain embodiments, the duration of the treatment is such that the lactose solution is exposed to a total of 5-20 kW of light.

The present invention provides a process of producing a lactose concentrate, said process comprising the step of subjecting a partially demineralised aqueous lactose isolate to electrodialysis to produce a biotin-reduced lactose isolate containing at least 90% lactose by weight of dry matter and less than 2 mg ash per gram of lactose, and containing: 0.02-1.5 mg sodium per gram of lactose; 0.02-2 mg potassium per gram of lactose; 0.05-1.5 mg chloride per gram of lactose; 0.01-0.25 g biotin per gram of lactose. The present invention also relates to a demineralised lactose concentrate having a reduced biotin content that can be produced by the aforementioned process. The invention further relates to an oligosaccharide-enriched biotin-reduced fraction that is obtained when lactose is separated before or after the electrodialysis step.

The present invention provides a process of producing a lactose concentrate, said process comprising the step of subjecting a partially demineralised aqueous lactose isolate to electrodialysis to produce a biotin-reduced lactose isolate containing at least 90% lactose by weight of dry matter and less than 2 mg ash per gram of lactose, and containing: 0.02-1.5 mg sodium per gram of lactose; 0.02-2 mg potassium per gram of lactose; 0.05-1.5 mg chloride per gram of lactose; 0.01-0.25 g biotin per gram of lactose. The present invention also relates to a demineralised lactose concentrate having a reduced biotin content that can be produced by the aforementioned process. The invention further relates to an oligosaccharide-enriched biotin-reduced fraction that is obtained when lactose is separated before or after the electrodialysis step.