Provided are methods and compositions using activated carbon for optimizing purification and clarification of sugar streams produced from cellulosic or lignocellulosic biomass. Also provided are methods and compositions for decreasing one or more undesirable products during pretreatment.

A method produces a sugar liquid from a cellulosic biomass material, which sugar liquid has improved fermentability. The method produces a sugar liquid by: adding an alkali(s) to a concentrated cellulosic biomass sugar liquid to adjust the pH to not less than 7 to precipitate an insoluble substance(s) containing at least magnesium; and performing filtration through a microfiltration membrane to remove the insoluble substance(s), to obtain a sugar liquid as a permeate.

The invention relates to a method of processing lignocellulosic biomass comprising: providing lignocellulosic biomass feedstock; pretreating said biomass feedstock by continuous hydrothermal pretreatment in a pressurized reactor; measuring xylan number or lignin number in the output stream of pretreated biomass from the pretreatment reactor; and controlling the pretreatment reactor so as to maintain, in the output stream of pretreated biomass, a pre-determined level of measured xylan number or lignin number. The method allows for continuously controlling the digestibility of a lignocellulosic biomass during the step of pretreatment, and accordingly provides a continuous estimate of the severity of the pretreatment.

The present invention describes a syrup of tagatose and galactose as main components together with other secondary products such as glycerol, oligosaccharides and other sugars in a minority amount.

The present invention describes a syrup of tagatose and galactose as main components together with other secondary products such as glycerol, oligosaccharides and other sugars in a minority amount.

Related to are a device and a method for performing continuous carbonation and impurity removal for xylose mother liquor. The device includes an alkali addition unit, a continuous carbonating unit, a discharge controlling unit, a CO.sub.2 supply station, a vapor station and an after-carbonation tank, wherein the alkali addition unit is configured to add Ca(OH).sub.2 alkaline liquid into xylose mother liquor, the continuous carbonating unit is configured to introduce CO.sub.2 supplied from the CO.sub.2 supply station into the alkali-added xylose mother liquor to perform carbonation and mixing so as to remove impurities such as colloid and pigment in xylose mother liquor, the discharge controlling unit is configured to introduce CO.sub.2 supplied from the CO.sub.2 supply station and vapor transported from the vapor station into the carbonated xylose mother liquor so as to control and stabilize a pH value of the carbonated xylose mother liquor, and the after-carbonation tank is configured to collect and temporarily store the carbonated and impurity-removed xylose mother liquor so as to prepare for a next procedure. Further, a method using the device is disclosed. According to the device and the method, the pH of xylose mother liquor is continuously regulated and stabilized and continuous feeding and discharge are performed with highly automated device so as to achieve continuous and uninterrupted production, and thus facilitate improving the production efficiency.

A method of processing an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous solution comprises one or more dissolved sugar, one or more dissolved sugar alcohol, or a mixture thereof, wherein the method comprises bringing the aqueous solution into contact with a collection of resin beads, wherein the resin beads comprise functional groups of structure (S1).

A process for obtaining aqueous hydrolysates from solid material containing hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, which process comprises hydrolysing at least part of the hemicellulose of the solid material with a first aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at a concentration of 15-40 wt %, yielding a remaining solid material and an aqueous first hydrolysate product solution. The aqueous first hydrolysate is displaced from the remaining solid material with a non-aqueous displacement fluid. Thereafter, at least part of the cellulose of the remaining solid material is hydrolysed with a second aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at a concentration of 40-51 wt %, yielding a residue and an aqueous second hydrolysate product solution.

The present disclosure relates to a mixed sugar composition containing tagatose and sorbose.

The present disclosure relates to a mixed sugar composition containing tagatose and sorbose.