A gas heat pump system including an outdoor unit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an expansion device; an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger; a refrigerant pipe to connect the outdoor unit and the indoor unit; an engine to combust mixed fuel in which fuel and air are mixed; a coolant tank to store a coolant; a radiator to emit, to an outside, heat which is transferred from the engine to the coolant; and a coolant pipe to connect the coolant tank and the radiator to allow the coolant to circulate therethrough, whereby the gas heat pump system has a cooling capability between 71 kW and 85 kW, the refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant having at least 50% R32, and the refrigerant pipe is a ductile stainless steel pipe having a delta ferrite matrix structure of 1% or less based on grain area.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a refrigeration capacity of 2 kW to 7 kW, inclusive, and uses R410a as a refrigerant circulating therein, and since a refrigerant pipe therein includes a ductile stainless steel pipe made of a material containing, at least, chrome (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu), the refrigerant pipe can maintain strength and hardness as good as or better than those of a copper pipe, while also maintaining good processability.

The invention is intended to provide a method for quenching a steel pipe, equipment for quenching a steel pipe, and a method of manufacturing a steel pipe that enable a steel pipe to be conveyed at high speed. The method for quenching a steel pipe includes the steps of: conveying a steel pipe onto a rotatable supporting member using a walking-arm type revolving conveyance apparatus; and rapidly cooling the steel pipe with first spray nozzles disposed above the pipe while the steel pipe is being rotated about a pipe axis of the steel pipe on the rotatable supporting member in a state where movements of the steel pipe in a direction parallel to and in a direction perpendicular to the pipe axis are stopped.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

In an embodiment, a method of hardening a surface of a substrate comprises directing a waterjet having a transition flow region, the waterjet comprising water and particles, at a surface of a substrate such that the waterjet impacts the surface within the transition flow region to provide a layer of embedded particles underneath the surface of the substrate, thereby forming a hardened substrate. The hardened substrates are also provided.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a refrigeration capacity of 7 kW to 11 kW, inclusive, and uses, as a refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant containing 50% or more of R32, and since a refrigerant pipe therein is made of a ductile stainless steel material having 1% or less of a delta-ferrite matrix structure with respect to the grain size area thereof, and includes a suction pipe guiding the suction of the refrigerant into a compressor and having an outer diameter of 15.88 mm, the refrigerant pipe can maintain strength and hardness as good as or better than those of a copper pipe, while also maintaining good processability.

Described is a hot-rolled steel strip product that includes a composition consisting of, in terms of weight percentages, 0.17% to 0.38% C, 0% to 0.5% Si, 0.1% to 0.4% Mn, 0.015% to 0.15% Al, 0.1% to 0.6% Cu, 0.2% to 0.8% Ni, 0.1% to 1% Cr, 0.01% to 0.3% Mo, 0% to 0.005% Nb, 0% to 0.05% Ti, 0% to 0.2% V, 0.0008% to 0.005% B, 0% to 0.025% P, 0.008% or less S, 0.01% or less N, 0% to 0.01% Ca, and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the steel product has a Brinell hardness in the range of 420-580 HBW, and a corrosion index (ASTM G101-04) of at least 5.

A method of producing a steel material, wherein when a cooling apparatus having a plurality of cooling sections disposed side by side in a longitudinal direction of a steel material cools the steel material hot worked or cooled/reheated, the steel material is conveyed at a conveyance distance L.sub.o (m) satisfying Equation (1), in one direction along with the longitudinal direction of the steel material, in the cooling apparatus, wherein L.sub.o is defined as conveyance distance (m) of steel material, m is a natural number, and L.sub.h is defined as length (m) of cooling sections in longitudinal direction of steel material:

(m−0.20)×L.sub.h≤L.sub.o(m+0.20)×L.sub.h  (1).

A method of producing a steel material, wherein when a cooling apparatus having a plurality of cooling sections disposed side by side in a longitudinal direction of a steel material cools the steel material hot worked or cooled/reheated, the steel material is conveyed at a conveyance distance L.sub.o (m) satisfying Equation (1), in one direction along with the longitudinal direction of the steel material, in the cooling apparatus, wherein L.sub.o is defined as conveyance distance (m) of steel material, m is a natural number, and L.sub.h is defined as length (m) of cooling sections in longitudinal direction of steel material:

(m−0.20)×L.sub.h≤L.sub.o(m+0.20)×L.sub.h  (1).