The invention relates to a steel wire suitable for making a spring or medical wire products which remarkably improve the performance of conventional stainless steel wire. The steel comprises (in wt. %): C: 0.02 to 0.15, Si: 0.1 to 0.9, Mn: 0.8 to 1.6, Cr 16 to 20, Ni: 7.5 to 10.5, Mo: ≤3, Al: 0.5 to 2.5, Ti: ≤0.15, N: ≤0.05, optional elements, and impurities, balance Fe, wherein the total amount of Cr and Ni is 25 to 27 wt. %, and wherein the steel has a microstructure including, in volume % (vol. %), martensite: 40 to 90, austenite: 10 to 60, and delta ferrite: ≤5.

A metal casting is heated using infrared energy by introducing the metal casting into a heating chamber with infrared emitters directed towards the casting, and activating at least a portion of the emitters. The infrared emitters may have a metal coil that is partially embedded in a refractory material, and be tunable to emit wavelengths from about 2 μm to about 3.3 μm. The infrared wavelength used to heat the metal casting may be selected based on a surface roughness of the casting. Surface roughness can be measured by measuring a roughness of a part cast from the same mold as the heated casting, which can be the casting that is being heated. Heating may be controlled by measuring the temperature of the casting while a shield is deployed that covers the emitters, which prevents radiations from the emitters from affecting the temperature measurement.

An austenitic stainless steel alloy having antibacterial properties, corrosion resistance properties, and good hardness and strength is provided. A method of manufacturing by gas atomization, metal additive manufacturing, and heat treatment is also provided. The stainless steel alloy composition and powder consisting of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silicon (Si), nitrogen (N), carbon (C) and iron (Fe) is described. The alloy can be processed into spherical powder by gas atomization or other methods suitable for metal additive manufacturing or metal 3D printing. The powder can be processed by metal additive manufacturing into articles. Heat treatment promotes the formation of copper nanoprecipitates leading to excellent antibacterial properties and good mechanical properties. The constituent elements of the alloy provide for good corrosion resistance.

An austenitic stainless steel alloy having antibacterial properties, corrosion resistance properties, and good hardness and strength is provided. A method of manufacturing by gas atomization, metal additive manufacturing, and heat treatment is also provided. The stainless steel alloy composition and powder consisting of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silicon (Si), nitrogen (N), carbon (C) and iron (Fe) is described. The alloy can be processed into spherical powder by gas atomization or other methods suitable for metal additive manufacturing or metal 3D printing. The powder can be processed by metal additive manufacturing into articles. Heat treatment promotes the formation of copper nanoprecipitates leading to excellent antibacterial properties and good mechanical properties. The constituent elements of the alloy provide for good corrosion resistance.

A titanium-based alloy composition consisting in weight percent, of: 4.0 to 8.0% aluminium, 3.0 to 9.0% tin, 0.0 to 5.0% zirconium, 0.0 to 2.0% niobium, 0.0 to 2.0% vanadium, 0.0 to 0.5% iron, 0.0 to 1.75% chromium, 0.0 to 2.0% molybdenum, 0.0 to 2.0% tungsten, 0.0 to 0.5% nickel, 0.0 to 1.0% tantalum, 0.0 to 0.5% cobalt, 0.0 to 0.75% silicon, 0.0 to 0.5% boron, 0.0 to 0.5% carbon, 0.0 to 0.5% oxygen, 0.0 to 0.5% hydrogen, 0.0 to 0.5% nitrogen, 0.0 to 0.5% palladium, 0.0 to 0.5% lanthanum, 0.0 to 0.5% manganese, 0.0 to 0.5 hafnium, the balance being titanium and incidental impurities which satisfies the following relationship: 0.107Al+0.075V+0.4Fe+0.112Cr+0.025Zr+0.05 (Mo+0.5W)+0.082 (Nb+Ta)+0.027Sn>1.0 where Al, W, V, Fe, Cr, Zr, Mo, Nb, Ta and Sn represent the amounts of aluminium, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, zirconium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum and tin in wt. % respectively.

A titanium-based alloy composition consisting in weight percent, of: 4.0 to 8.0% aluminium, 3.0 to 9.0% tin, 0.0 to 5.0% zirconium, 0.0 to 2.0% niobium, 0.0 to 2.0% vanadium, 0.0 to 0.5% iron, 0.0 to 1.75% chromium, 0.0 to 2.0% molybdenum, 0.0 to 2.0% tungsten, 0.0 to 0.5% nickel, 0.0 to 1.0% tantalum, 0.0 to 0.5% cobalt, 0.0 to 0.75% silicon, 0.0 to 0.5% boron, 0.0 to 0.5% carbon, 0.0 to 0.5% oxygen, 0.0 to 0.5% hydrogen, 0.0 to 0.5% nitrogen, 0.0 to 0.5% palladium, 0.0 to 0.5% lanthanum, 0.0 to 0.5% manganese, 0.0 to 0.5 hafnium, the balance being titanium and incidental impurities which satisfies the following relationship: 0.107Al+0.075V+0.4Fe+0.112Cr+0.025Zr+0.05 (Mo+0.5W)+0.082 (Nb+Ta)+0.027Sn>1.0 where Al, W, V, Fe, Cr, Zr, Mo, Nb, Ta and Sn represent the amounts of aluminium, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, zirconium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum and tin in wt. % respectively.

A method of manufacturing a magnetostrictive torque sensor shaft (100) to which a sensor portion (2) of a magnetostrictive torque sensor (1) is mounted. The method includes heat treatment step of subjecting an iron-based shaft member to a carburizing, quenching, and tempering process, and a shot peening step of performing shot peening using a steel shot media having a Vickers hardness at least equal to 1100 and at most equal to 1300 and being free of boron, at least in a position on the shaft member, after the heat treatment step, to which the sensor portion is to be attached.

A ripper shank as the impact and wear resistant component is made of a steel of a specific component composition which has a hardness of HRC 53 or more and HRC 57 or less. The steel includes a matrix including a martensite phase and a residual austenite phase, and first nonmetallic particles dispersed in the matrix and including at least one species selected from the group consisting of MnS, TiCN, and NbCN. The steel does not include a M23C6 carbide.

Provided is a steel material which can achieve excellent fatigue strength even when a carburized steel component is produced by welding before carburizing treatment. The steel material has a chemical composition containing: in mass %, C: 0.09 to 0.16%, Si: 0.01 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.40 to 0.60%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.025% or less, Cr: 0.90 to 2.00%, Mo: 0.10 to 0.40%, Al: 0.005 to 0.030%, Ti: 0.010 to less than 0.050%, Nb: 0.010 to 0.030%, N: 0.0080% or less, O: 0.0030% or less, B: 0.0003 to 0.0030%, Ca: 0.0005 to 0.0050%, and the balance: Fe and impurities, and satisfying Formula (1) to Formula (3) according to the description. In a cross section parallel to an axial direction of the steel material, an amount of Mn sulfide is 70.0 pieces/mm.sup.2 or less, and an amount of oxide is 25.0 pieces/mm.sup.2 or less.

A track link includes an elongate link body formed of a link body material that varies in hardness to form a first lower hardness zone, a second lower hardness zone, and a higher hardness zone. The higher hardness zone includes an upper rail surface of the elongate link body and extends substantially throughout the elongate link body outside of the first and second lower hardness zones, which surround the track pin bores. Related methodology for making a track link is also disclosed.