A material design device derives the optimal solution for a design condition satisfying a desired material property. A design condition setting unit for setting a specified range of a design condition of a material to be designed. A comprehensive prediction point generation unit generates a plurality of comprehensive prediction points within the specified range set by the design condition setting unit. A design condition-material property table stores data sets in which each point of the comprehensive prediction points is associated with a material property value calculated by inputting the comprehensive prediction points generated by the comprehensive prediction point generation unit, to a learned model. A required property setting unit sets a specified range of a required property of the material. A design condition extraction unit extracts, from the design condition-material property table, a data set satisfying the required property set by the required property setting unit.

The present disclosure provides Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloys comprising a deliberate addition of Mn between 0.05-0.40 weight percent to increase at least one tensile property (such as the yield strength) of an aluminum product comprising such alloy. The Al—Si—Mg alloy comprises, in weight percent, 5-9% Si, 0.35-0.75% Mg, 0.05-0.4% Mn, less than 0.15% Fe, up to 0.15% Ti, 0.005-0.03% Sr and the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the unavoidable impurities may be present in an amount of up to 0.05% each and up to 0.15% total. The present disclosure provides a foundry ingot comprising the above Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloy, a process for making the above Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloy and an aluminum alloy obtainable by said process.

The present disclosure provides Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloys comprising a deliberate addition of Mn between 0.05-0.40 weight percent to increase at least one tensile property (such as the yield strength) of an aluminum product comprising such alloy. The Al—Si—Mg alloy comprises, in weight percent, 5-9% Si, 0.35-0.75% Mg, 0.05-0.4% Mn, less than 0.15% Fe, up to 0.15% Ti, 0.005-0.03% Sr and the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the unavoidable impurities may be present in an amount of up to 0.05% each and up to 0.15% total. The present disclosure provides a foundry ingot comprising the above Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloy, a process for making the above Al—Si—Mg aluminum alloy and an aluminum alloy obtainable by said process.

A hydrogen storage alloy suitable for a negative electrode of an on-board alkaline storage battery, an alkaline storage battery using this hydrogen storage alloy, and a vehicle; wherein a fine-grained hydrogen storage alloy is used for an alkaline storage battery that has a crystal structure of an A.sub.2B.sub.7-type structure as a main phase and is represented by a general formula: (La.sub.1-aSm.sub.a).sub.1-bMg.sub.bNi.sub.cAl.sub.dCr.sub.e (where suffixes a, b, c, d, and e meet the following conditions: 0≤a≤0.35, 0.15≤b≤0.30, 0.02≤d≤0.10, 0≤e≤0.10, 3.20≤c+d+e≤3.50, and 0<a+e), and an alkaline storage battery using this hydrogen storage alloy for a negative electrode. A vehicle also includes this alkaline storage battery as an electricity supply source for a motor.

A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte; a catholyte; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; a separator separating the anolyte in the first half-cell from the catholyte in the second half-cell; at least one state measurement device configured for intermittently, periodically, or continuously making a measurement of a value indicative of a state of charge of the anolyte or the catholyte before entering or after leaving the first half-cell or second half-cell, respectively; and a controller coupled to the at least one state measurement device for generating a temporal energy profile of the anolyte or the catholyte, respectively, using the measurements.

A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte; a catholyte; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; a separator separating the anolyte in the first half-cell from the catholyte in the second half-cell; at least one state measurement device configured for intermittently, periodically, or continuously making a measurement of a value indicative of a state of charge of the anolyte or the catholyte before entering or after leaving the first half-cell or second half-cell, respectively; and a controller coupled to the at least one state measurement device for generating a temporal energy profile of the anolyte or the catholyte, respectively, using the measurements.

A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte; a catholyte; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; a separator separating the anolyte in the first half-cell from the catholyte in the second half-cell; at least one state measurement device configured for intermittently, periodically, or continuously making a measurement of a value indicative of a state of charge of the anolyte or the catholyte before entering or after leaving the first half-cell or second half-cell, respectively; and a controller coupled to the at least one state measurement device for generating a temporal energy profile of the anolyte or the catholyte, respectively, using the measurements.

A method for production of an ingot of a bulk glass-forming alloy, comprising the steps of: Providing a homogeneous melt of a bulk glass-forming alloy; casting the homogeneous melt into a casting mould, whereby the casting mould does not cool down below the glass-transition temperature of the alloy at the contact surface to the melt for at least 5 seconds; and cooling down the melt below the glass transition temperature of the bulk glass-forming alloy while obtaining the ingot.

One embodiment is a redox flow battery system that includes an anolyte; a catholyte; an anolyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the anolyte; a catholyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the catholyte; a primary redox flow battery arrangement, and a second redox flow battery arrangement. The primary and secondary redox flow battery arrangements share the anolyte and catholyte tanks and each includes a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte, a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte, a separator separating the first half-cell from the second half-cell, an anolyte pump, and a catholyte pump. The peak power delivery capacity of the secondary redox flow battery arrangement is less than the peak power delivery capacity of the primary redox flow battery arrangement.

One embodiment is a redox flow battery system that includes an anolyte; a catholyte; an anolyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the anolyte; a catholyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the catholyte; a primary redox flow battery arrangement, and a second redox flow battery arrangement. The primary and secondary redox flow battery arrangements share the anolyte and catholyte tanks and each includes a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte, a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte, a separator separating the first half-cell from the second half-cell, an anolyte pump, and a catholyte pump. The peak power delivery capacity of the secondary redox flow battery arrangement is less than the peak power delivery capacity of the primary redox flow battery arrangement.