A zirconium alloy is manufactured through melting; solution heat treatment at 1,000 to 1,050 C. () for 30 to 40 min and -quenching using water; preheating at 630 to 650 C. for 20 to 30 min and hot rolling at a reduction ratio of 60 to 65%; primary intermediate vacuum annealing at 570 to 590 C. for 3 to 4 hr and primarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 30 to 40%; secondary intermediate vacuum annealing at 560 to 580 C. for 2 to 3 hr and secondarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 50 to 60%; tertiary intermediate vacuum annealing at 560 to 580 C. for 2 to 3 hr and tertiarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 30 to 40%; and final vacuum annealing at 460 to 590 C. for 7 to 9 hr.

A zirconium alloy is manufactured through melting; solution heat treatment at 1,000 to 1,050 C. () for 30 to 40 min and -quenching using water; preheating at 630 to 650 C. for 20 to 30 min and hot rolling at a reduction ratio of 60 to 65%; primary intermediate vacuum annealing at 570 to 590 C. for 3 to 4 hr and primarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 30 to 40%; secondary intermediate vacuum annealing at 560 to 580 C. for 2 to 3 hr and secondarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 50 to 60%; tertiary intermediate vacuum annealing at 560 to 580 C. for 2 to 3 hr and tertiarily cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 30 to 40%; and final vacuum annealing at 460 to 590 C. for 7 to 9 hr.

A capacitor includes an anode, an oxide layer, a dielectric layer and a cathode. The oxide layer is located between the anode and the dielectric layer. The anode is made of a Zr-alloy having a composition of ZrM, where M is a metal element capable of forming an oxide coating in an electrolytic solution. The oxide layer includes a composite oxide of ZrM having a hexagonal close-packed structure and having a composition of (ZrM)O.sub.Y where Y<2. The dielectric layer includes another composite oxide of ZrM having a composition of (ZrM)O.sub.2.

A capacitor includes an anode, an oxide layer, a dielectric layer and a cathode. The oxide layer is located between the anode and the dielectric layer. The anode is made of a Zr-alloy having a composition of ZrM, where M is a metal element capable of forming an oxide coating in an electrolytic solution. The oxide layer includes a composite oxide of ZrM having a hexagonal close-packed structure and having a composition of (ZrM)O.sub.Y where Y<2. The dielectric layer includes another composite oxide of ZrM having a composition of (ZrM)O.sub.2.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a nanowire of a core-shell structure including a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, comprising the steps of: providing a metal nanowire; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by a plasma chemical vapor deposition method. In addition, the present invention relates to: a nanowire having a core-shell structure including a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell; and a transparent electrode formed from the nanowire. The transparent electrode formed from the nanowire having a core-shell structure has advantages of having controllable copper oxidation characteristics, being optically, electrically and mechanically excellent, and enabling the transparent electrode to be manufactured at a low cost.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a nanowire of a core-shell structure including a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, comprising the steps of: providing a metal nanowire; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by a plasma chemical vapor deposition method. In addition, the present invention relates to: a nanowire having a core-shell structure including a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell; and a transparent electrode formed from the nanowire. The transparent electrode formed from the nanowire having a core-shell structure has advantages of having controllable copper oxidation characteristics, being optically, electrically and mechanically excellent, and enabling the transparent electrode to be manufactured at a low cost.

Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase. In different aspects, an enthalpy of mixing of the binary alloy may be calculated as a first thermodynamic parameter, and an enthalpy of segregation of the binary alloy may be calculated as a second thermodynamic parameter. In another example, a diagram delineating a plurality of regions respectively representing different stable phases of at least one binary alloy is employed, wherein respective regions of the plurality of regions are delineated by at least one boundary determined as a function of at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the at least one binary alloy.

Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase. In different aspects, an enthalpy of mixing of the binary alloy may be calculated as a first thermodynamic parameter, and an enthalpy of segregation of the binary alloy may be calculated as a second thermodynamic parameter. In another example, a diagram delineating a plurality of regions respectively representing different stable phases of at least one binary alloy is employed, wherein respective regions of the plurality of regions are delineated by at least one boundary determined as a function of at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the at least one binary alloy.

A dental post made from a zirconia compound, wherein said zirconia compound is at least one of a pure zirconia puck, a zirconia stabilized with yttria (yttrium oxide) compound, a cubic zirconia compound, a Partially Stabilized Zirconia (PSZ) compound, a Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (TZP) compound and a Zirconium based bulk metallic glass (BMG).

A dental post made from a zirconia compound, wherein said zirconia compound is at least one of a pure zirconia puck, a zirconia stabilized with yttria (yttrium oxide) compound, a cubic zirconia compound, a Partially Stabilized Zirconia (PSZ) compound, a Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (TZP) compound and a Zirconium based bulk metallic glass (BMG).