A NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet with composite main phase and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. In the composite main phase, a PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase is the core, ZR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-w-nCo.sub.wAl.sub.n).sub.14B main phase surrounds a periphery of the PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase, and no grain boundary phase exists between ZR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-w-nCo.sub.wAl.sub.n).sub.14B main phase and the PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase, wherein ZR represents a group of rare earth elements in which a content of heavy rare earth is higher than an average content of heavy rare earth in the composite main phase, PR represents a group of rare earth elements in which a content of heavy rare earth is lower than an average content of heavy rare earth in the composite main phase. The manufacturing method includes steps of LRFeB-Ma alloy melting, HRFeB-Mb alloy melting, alloy hydrogen decrepitating, metal oxide micro-powder surface absorbing and powdering, magnetic field pressing, sintering and ageing.

A NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet with composite main phase and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. In the composite main phase, a PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase is the core, ZR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-w-nCo.sub.wAl.sub.n).sub.14B main phase surrounds a periphery of the PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase, and no grain boundary phase exists between ZR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-w-nCo.sub.wAl.sub.n).sub.14B main phase and the PR.sub.2(Fe.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y).sub.14B main phase, wherein ZR represents a group of rare earth elements in which a content of heavy rare earth is higher than an average content of heavy rare earth in the composite main phase, PR represents a group of rare earth elements in which a content of heavy rare earth is lower than an average content of heavy rare earth in the composite main phase. The manufacturing method includes steps of LRFeB-Ma alloy melting, HRFeB-Mb alloy melting, alloy hydrogen decrepitating, metal oxide micro-powder surface absorbing and powdering, magnetic field pressing, sintering and ageing.

Disclosed are an anisotropic nanocrystalline rare earth permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof. The rare earth permanent magnet includes an REFeB matrix phase and a second phase, wherein the REFeB matrix phase includes main phase RE.sub.2Fe.sub.14B flaky nanocrystallines regularly arranged and an RE-rich phase around main phase grains, the main phase RE.sub.2Fe.sub.14B flaky nanocrystallines having an average grain size in a length direction of 70 nm to 800 nm and an average grain size in a thickness direction of 30 nm to 200 nm; and the second phase includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an M-Cu phase and an MCuO phase, M being at least one selected from the group consisting of Ca and Mg.

Disclosed are an anisotropic nanocrystalline rare earth permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof. The rare earth permanent magnet includes an REFeB matrix phase and a second phase, wherein the REFeB matrix phase includes main phase RE.sub.2Fe.sub.14B flaky nanocrystallines regularly arranged and an RE-rich phase around main phase grains, the main phase RE.sub.2Fe.sub.14B flaky nanocrystallines having an average grain size in a length direction of 70 nm to 800 nm and an average grain size in a thickness direction of 30 nm to 200 nm; and the second phase includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an M-Cu phase and an MCuO phase, M being at least one selected from the group consisting of Ca and Mg.

Provided are a negative active material for a lithium secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and the present invention may provide a negative active material for a lithium secondary battery including a secondary particle in which a plurality of silicon nanoparticles are aggregated; and a plurality of metal particles distributed in pores in the secondary particle, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same

A particulate lithium metal composite materials having a layer containing phosphorous and a method for producing said phosphorous-coated lithium metal products, characterized in that melted, droplet-shaped lithium metal is reacted in a hydrocarbon solvent with a phosphorous source that contains the phosphorous in the oxidation stage 3, and use thereof for the pre-lithiation of electrode materials and the production of battery anodes.

A particulate lithium metal composite materials having a layer containing phosphorous and a method for producing said phosphorous-coated lithium metal products, characterized in that melted, droplet-shaped lithium metal is reacted in a hydrocarbon solvent with a phosphorous source that contains the phosphorous in the oxidation stage 3, and use thereof for the pre-lithiation of electrode materials and the production of battery anodes.

A silicide-based alloy material and a device in which the silicide-based alloy material is used are disclosed. The silicide-based alloy material can reduce environmental impact and provide high thermoelectric FIGURE of merit at room temperature. Provided is a silicide-based alloy material comprising, as major components, silver, barium and silicon, wherein atomic ratios of elements that constitute the alloy material are as follows: 9 at %Ag/(Ag+Ba+Si)27 at %, 20 at %Ba/(Ag+Ba+Si)53 at %, and 37 at %Si/(Ag+Ba+Si)65 at %, where Ag represents a content of the silver, Ba represents a content of the barium and Si represents a content of the silicon, and the silicide-based alloy material has an average grain size of less than or equal to 20 m.

A silicide-based alloy material and a device in which the silicide-based alloy material is used are disclosed. The silicide-based alloy material can reduce environmental impact and provide high thermoelectric FIGURE of merit at room temperature. Provided is a silicide-based alloy material comprising, as major components, silver, barium and silicon, wherein atomic ratios of elements that constitute the alloy material are as follows: 9 at %Ag/(Ag+Ba+Si)27 at %, 20 at %Ba/(Ag+Ba+Si)53 at %, and 37 at %Si/(Ag+Ba+Si)65 at %, where Ag represents a content of the silver, Ba represents a content of the barium and Si represents a content of the silicon, and the silicide-based alloy material has an average grain size of less than or equal to 20 m.

A device including a near field transducer, the near field transducer including gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or aluminum (Al), and at least two other secondary atoms, the at least two other secondary atoms selected from: boron (B), bismuth (Bi), indium (In), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), manganese (Mn), tellurium (Te), holmium (Ho), lutetium (Lu), praseodymium (Pr), scandium (Sc), uranium (U), barium (Ba), chlorine (Cl), cesium (Cs), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), fluorine (F), germanium (Ge), hydrogen (H), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), selenium (Se), terbium (Tb), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), carbon (C), antimony (Sb), gadolinium (Gd), samarium (Sm), thallium (Tl), cadmium (Cd), neodymium (Nd), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb), erbium (Er), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), palladium (Pd), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), yttrium (Y), thorium (Th), beryllium (Be), thulium (Tm), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), promethium (Pm), neodymium (Nd cobalt (Co), cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), or combinations thereof.