Described herein are methods of recovering lithium from dilute lithium sources. The methods include concentrating a dilute aqueous lithium source to yield an extraction feed having an extraction lithium concentration; extracting lithium from the extraction feed using direct lithium extraction in an extraction stage to yield a lithium intermediate; concentrating a stream obtained from the lithium intermediate in a concentration stage to yield a lithium concentrate; and converting lithium in the lithium concentrate to lithium hydroxide.

Described herein are methods of recovering lithium from dilute lithium sources. The methods include concentrating a dilute aqueous lithium source to yield an extraction feed having an extraction lithium concentration; extracting lithium from the extraction feed using direct lithium extraction in an extraction stage to yield a lithium intermediate; concentrating a stream obtained from the lithium intermediate in a concentration stage to yield a lithium concentrate; and converting lithium in the lithium concentrate to lithium hydroxide.

Described herein are methods of recovering lithium from dilute lithium sources. The methods include extracting lithium from an extraction feed using direct lithium extraction in an extraction stage to yield a lithium intermediate, performing one or more concentration operations, each concentration operation concentrating an input stream to yield an output feed, wherein the input stream is obtained from the lithium intermediate and/or the extraction feed is obtained from the output feed. At least one of the concentration operations includes a membrane separation operation having a plurality of reactors in series each having a semi-permeable membrane, such as a counter-flow reverse osmosis operation. Methods may also include generating a low TDS stream as a permeate from any of the one or more concentration operations, wherein the low TDS stream is recycled or used as fresh water.

Described herein are methods of recovering lithium from dilute lithium sources. The methods include extracting lithium from an extraction feed using direct lithium extraction in an extraction stage to yield a lithium intermediate, performing one or more concentration operations, each concentration operation concentrating an input stream to yield an output feed, wherein the input stream is obtained from the lithium intermediate and/or the extraction feed is obtained from the output feed. At least one of the concentration operations includes a membrane separation operation having a plurality of reactors in series each having a semi-permeable membrane, such as a counter-flow reverse osmosis operation. Methods may also include generating a low TDS stream as a permeate from any of the one or more concentration operations, wherein the low TDS stream is recycled or used as fresh water.

A process for the production of calcium, aluminum, and silicon alloys is provided. The process includes the simultaneous carbothermal melting-reduction step of calcium, aluminum, and silicon.

A process for the production of calcium, aluminum, and silicon alloys is provided. The process includes the simultaneous carbothermal melting-reduction step of calcium, aluminum, and silicon.

The invention relates to an alloy, in particular a light metal alloy, having an alloy composition with at least three components and a eutectic structure that is obtained by cooling the alloy from a liquid state to a solid state, under the condition that a composition of the alloy lies in a field around a pseudoeutectic point (pE) of a phase diagram of the alloy, so that at least 85 mol % eutectic structure is present in the alloy. The alloy also relates to a method for producing an alloy of this type.

A magnesium-lithium-based alloy contains Mg, Li, and Al, and a sum of a content of the Mg and a content of the Li is 90% by mass or more. The magnesium-lithium-based alloy contains Ge.

A magnesium-lithium-based alloy contains Mg, Li, and Al, and a sum of a content of the Mg and a content of the Li is 90% by mass or more. The magnesium-lithium-based alloy contains Ge.

The invention relates to a magnesium alloy. To obtain a magnesium alloy which exhibits both a high strength and also a high deformability, a magnesium alloy is provided according to the invention, comprising (in at %) 15.0% to 70.0% lithium, greater than 0.0% aluminum, and magnesium and production-related impurities as a remainder, wherein a ratio of aluminum to magnesium (in at %) is 1:6 to 4:6. The invention also relates to a method for producing the magnesium alloy.