The invention relates to a stabilized lithium metal powder and to a method for producing the same, the stabilized, pure lithium metal powder having been passivated in an organic inert solvent under dispersal conditions with fatty acids or fatty acid esters according to the general formula (I) R—COOR′, in which R stands for C.sub.10-C.sub.29 groups and R′ for H or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 groups.

The invention relates to a stabilized lithium metal powder and to a method for producing the same, the stabilized, pure lithium metal powder having been passivated in an organic inert solvent under dispersal conditions with fatty acids or fatty acid esters according to the general formula (I) R—COOR′, in which R stands for C.sub.10-C.sub.29 groups and R′ for H or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 groups.

Sodium-tin and sodium-tin-lead compositions have been identified and created that exhibit better reactivity characteristics (i.e., are less reactive) than sodium metal under the same conditions, making these compositions safer alternatives to sodium metal for use as a coolant. These compositions include compositions having at least 90% sodium (Na), from 0-10% lead (Pb) and the balance being tin (Sn).

Sodium-tin and sodium-tin-lead compositions have been identified and created that exhibit better reactivity characteristics (i.e., are less reactive) than sodium metal under the same conditions, making these compositions safer alternatives to sodium metal for use as a coolant. These compositions include compositions having at least 90% sodium (Na), from 0-10% lead (Pb) and the balance being tin (Sn).

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of sodium-based solid compounds, such as sodium-based solid alloys and sodium-based crystalline phases by ball-milling using metallic sodium as starting material. The invention also relates to some sodium-based crystalline P′2-phases and to Na-based vanadium phosphates phases (Na.sub.(3+y)V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.3) with 0<y≤3 and Na-based vanadium fluorophosphates phases (Na.sub.(3+z)V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.2F.sub.3) with 0<z≤3, in particular Na.sub.4V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.2F.sub.3, obtained by such a process and to their use, as active material for positive electrode, in a Na-ion battery.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of sodium-based solid compounds, such as sodium-based solid alloys and sodium-based crystalline phases by ball-milling using metallic sodium as starting material. The invention also relates to some sodium-based crystalline P′2-phases and to Na-based vanadium phosphates phases (Na.sub.(3+y)V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.3) with 0<y≤3 and Na-based vanadium fluorophosphates phases (Na.sub.(3+z)V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.2F.sub.3) with 0<z≤3, in particular Na.sub.4V.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.2F.sub.3, obtained by such a process and to their use, as active material for positive electrode, in a Na-ion battery.

A device including a near field transducer, the near field transducer including gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or aluminum (Al), and at least two other secondary atoms, the at least two other secondary atoms selected from: boron (B), bismuth (Bi), indium (In), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), manganese (Mn), tellurium (Te), holmium (Ho), lutetium (Lu), praseodymium (Pr), scandium (Sc), uranium (U), barium (Ba), chlorine (Cl), cesium (Cs), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), fluorine (F), germanium (Ge), hydrogen (H), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), selenium (Se), terbium (Tb), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), carbon (C), antimony (Sb), gadolinium (Gd), samarium (Sm), thallium (Tl), cadmium (Cd), neodymium (Nd), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb), erbium (Er), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), palladium (Pd), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), yttrium (Y), thorium (Th), beryllium (Be), thulium (Tm), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), promethium (Pm), neodymium (Nd cobalt (Co), cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), or combinations thereof.

A thermoelectric conversion material has a composition represented by the chemical formula Li.sub.3aBi.sub.1bSn.sub.b, in which the range of values a and b is: 0a<0.0003, and a+0.0003b0.016; or 0.0003a0.085, and 0<bexp[0.079(ln(a)).sup.21.43ln(a)10.5], and in which the thermoelectric conversion material has a BiF.sub.3-type crystal structure and has a p-type polarity.

A thermoelectric conversion material has a composition represented by the chemical formula Li.sub.3aBi.sub.1bSn.sub.b, in which the range of values a and b is: 0a<0.0003, and a+0.0003b0.016; or 0.0003a0.085, and 0<bexp[0.079(ln(a)).sup.21.43ln(a)10.5], and in which the thermoelectric conversion material has a BiF.sub.3-type crystal structure and has a p-type polarity.

Provided is a novel production method for producing silicon clathrate II. In the production method for producing silicon clathrate II, in a reaction system in which a NaSi alloy containing Na and Si and an Na getter agent coexist so as not to be in contact with each other, the NaSi alloy is heated and Na evaporated from the NaSi alloy is thus caused to react with the Na getter agent to reduce an amount of Na in the NaSi alloy.