A method of manufacturing a magnetically graded material, including depositing a steel filler material to a substrate, and applying a directed energy source to first and second regions of the filler material to thereby join the filler material to form a joined material. The energy source is directed to the first region while the first region is provided with an inert shield gas such that the material of the first regions includes a magnetic phase, and the energy source is directed to the second region while the second region is provided with a nitrogen containing shield gas to thereby impart an non-magnetic phase to the joined material.

A method of manufacturing a magnetically graded material, including depositing a steel filler material to a substrate, and applying a directed energy source to first and second regions of the filler material to thereby join the filler material to form a joined material. The energy source is directed to the first region while the first region is provided with an inert shield gas such that the material of the first regions includes a magnetic phase, and the energy source is directed to the second region while the second region is provided with a nitrogen containing shield gas to thereby impart an non-magnetic phase to the joined material.

Provided in one embodiment is a method of forming a movable joint or connection between parts that move with respect to one another, wherein at least one part is at least partially enclosed by at least one second part. The method includes positioning an etchable material over an at least one first part, molding or forming an at least one second part over at least the etchable material, and removing the etchable material.

A magnetic core powder including granular powder A of Fe-based, magnetic, crystalline metal material and granular powder B of Fe-based, magnetic, amorphous metal material; the particle size d50A of granular powder A at a cumulative frequency of 50 volume % being 0.5 m or more and 7.0 m or less, and the particle size d50B of granular powder B at a cumulative frequency of 50 volume % being more than 15.0 m, in a cumulative distribution curve showing the relation between particle size and cumulative frequency from the smaller particle size side, determined by a laser diffraction method; the magnetic core powder meeting (d90Md10M)/d50M of 1.6 or more and 6.0 or less, d10M being a particle size at a cumulative frequency of 10 volume %, d50M being a particle size at a cumulative frequency of 50 volume %, and d90M being a particle size at a cumulative frequency of 90 volume %.

Multi-layer metal or pseudometallic materials having engineered anisotropy are disclosed. The multi-layer materials having defined engineered grain orientations in each layer of the multi-layer material and bond layers between adjacent layers orthogonal to the grain orientations. This configuration distributes applied stress across the plurality of layers in the multi-layer metal material and around a neutral axis of the multi-layer metal material and increases the overall mechanical properties of the disclosed multi-layer metal material relative to conventional wrought metal materials of the same or similar chemical constitution. The microstructure of each layer, group of layers, or across multiple layers may be tailored to the intended application of a device made from the material. Individual layers may be tuned for property variations, such as gradients, or to adjust the bond layer characteristics. A method of making the multi-layer metal materials by physical vapor deposition to deposit each layer as crystalline grain structures and allow for layer-by-layer control over the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of each layer in the multi-layer metal as well as a bond layer between adjacent layers is disclosed.

A wire of a nickel-titanium alloy having a permanent set of less than 5% when 11% strain is applied to the wire is disclosed. The wire may be formed by applying a first heat treatment to the wire, the first heat treatment includes applying heat of a first temperature for a first period of time, applying a strain deformation to the wire to set a shape for the wire during the first heat treatment, and applying a second heat treatment to the wire. The second heat treatment includes applying heat of a second temperature different from the first temperature for a second period of time, and the second temperature is between 210 C. and 290 C. The wire may have a modulus of at least 53 GPa when 200 MPa of stress is applied to the wire, and the wire is bonded to a secondary component.

A titanium alloy foil, wherein when a thickness is represented by t, the t is 0.005 mm or more and 0.200 mm or less, in X-ray diffraction intensities obtained when X-ray diffraction is performed on a surface, a peak intensity of a 200 plane of a crystal of a body-centered cubic structure is 5.0 times or larger a maximum peak intensity from other crystal structures, in X-ray diffraction intensities of the crystal of the body-centered cubic structure among the X-ray diffraction intensities, the peak intensity of the 200 plane or a peak intensity of a 211 plane is larger than a peak intensity of a 110 plane, and a tensile strength is 1,000 MPa or more and 1,800 MPa or less.

Provided is a MnTaWCuO-based sputtering target including, in the component composition, Mn, Ta, W, Cu, and O. The sputtering target has a relative density of at least 90%, and includes a crystal phase of Mn.sub.4Ta.sub.2O.sub.9. Also provided is a production method for the sputtering target.

A wire of a nickel-titanium alloy having a permanent set of less than 5% when 11% strain is applied to the wire is disclosed. The wire may be formed by applying a first heat treatment to the wire, the first heat treatment includes applying heat of a first temperature for a first period of time, applying a strain deformation to the wire to set a shape for the wire during the first heat treatment, and applying a second heat treatment to the wire. The second heat treatment includes applying heat of a second temperature different from the first temperature for a second period of time, and the second temperature is between 210 C. and 290 C. The wire has a modulus of at least 53 GPa when 200 MPa of stress is applied to the wire.

A method of repairing an aerospace part including inspecting the aerospace part, made from a base material, to identify a worn or defective repair region that requires repair. A sacrificial backing material, which serves as a platform for deposition of repair layers during a repair procedure, is attached to the aerospace part. A repair procedure is performed on the repair region using a directed energy deposition (DED) energy/powder head after which the sacrificial backing material is removed from the aerospace part and the aerospace part is returned to service. The repair procedure includes depositing, using the DED energy/powder head, a first layer of DED powder material in the repair region; melting and consolidating, using energy from the DED energy/powder head, the first layer of DED powder material to form a first repair layer having a pre-determined residual stress state and/or microstructure; and repeating the depositing and melting and consolidating steps to create a desired plurality of repair layers.