Components and methods for forming components utilizing ultra-high strength steel are provided. A first method includes the steps of providing a blank of ultra-high strength steel, cold forming the blank into an unfinished component, and applying a coating to the outer surface of the unfinished component that is adapted to inhibit the formation of a ferrite soft layer on the component during heating thereof. A second method includes the steps of providing a blank of heavy gauge thickness ultra-high strength steel, cold forming the blank into a finished component, heating the finished component and quenching the component without the use of tooling.

Novel metallic systems and methods for their fabrication provide an extreme creep-resistant nano-crystalline metallic material. The material comprises a matrix formed of a solvent metal with crystalline grains having diameters of no more than about 500 nm, and a plurality of dispersed metallic particles formed on the basis of a solute metal in the solvent metal matrix and having diameters of no more than about 200 nm. The particle density along the grain boundary of the matrix is as high as about 2 nm.sup.2 of grain boundary area per particle so as to substantially block grain boundary motion and rotation and limit creep at temperatures above 35% of the melting point of the material.

According to an embodiment, a magnetic element includes a first layer, a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, a first nonmagnetic layer, a second layer, and a third magnetic layer. The first layer includes ruthenium. The second magnetic layer is provided between the first layer and the first magnetic layer. The first nonmagnetic layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. The second layer includes tantalum. The second layer contacts the first layer and is provided between the first layer and the second magnetic layer. A lattice plane spacing of the second layer in a first direction is not less than 0.23 nm and not more than 0.25 nm. The first direction is from the first layer toward the first magnetic layer. The third magnetic layer includes manganese. The third magnetic layer is provided between the second layer and the second magnetic layer.

A high-strength, manganese-containing steel, in particular for producing a flexibly rolled flat steel product in the form of a hot or cold strip, includes the following chemical composition (in wt. %): C: 0.005 to 0.6; Mn: 4 to 10; Al: 0.005 to 4; Si: 0.005 to 2; P: 0.001 to 0.2; S: up to 0.05; N: 0.001 to 0.3; with the remainder being iron including unavoidable steel-associated elements, with optional alloying of one or more of the following elements (in wt. %): Sn: 0 to 0.5; Ni: 0 to 2; Cu: 0.005 to 3; Cr: 0.1 to 4; V: 0.005 to 0.9; Nb: 0.005 to 0.9; Ti: 0.005 to 0.9; Mo: 0.01 to 3; W: 0.1 to 3; Co: 0.1 to 3; B: 0.0001 to 0.05; Zr: 0.005 to 0.5; Ca: 0.0002 to 0.1 which has a good combination of strength, expansion and deformation properties.

A girth welded joint of steel pipe 10 includes base metal portions 1a, 1b and a girth welded portion 2, wherein the girth welded portion 2 is formed of a weld metal portion 2a and weld heat affected zones 2b, 2c, the base metal portions 1a, 1b have a predetermined chemical composition, Pcm is within a range of 0.25 to 0.30, the weld metal portion 2a has a predetermined chemical composition, a content of B is 0.0010% or less, tensile strength of both base metal portions 1a, 1b and tensile strength of the girth welded portion 2 in a cross weld tensile test is 980 MPa or more, average hardness of the base metal portions 1a, 1b is 300 HV10 or more, an average softening width of the weld heat affected zones 2b, 2c is 4.0 mm or less, and an average softening degree is 80 HV10 or less.

Disclosed is a method for producing a blade comprising a blade airfoil and a blade root for a turbomachine. The method comprises providing a first workpiece based on a first material and a second workpiece based on a second material which is different from the first material and has a higher temperature resistance than the first material; and connecting the first workpiece and the second workpiece by friction welding to form a composite component having a first region of the first material, and a second region of the second material. Optionally upon material-subtracting further processing, the first region forms the blade root, and the second region forms the blade airfoil.

An aluminum alloy for a cylinder head in a vehicle engine includes 2 to 3% of Si, 2.5 to 3% of Cu, 0.01% or less (excluding 0%) of Zn, 0.15% or less (excluding 0%) of Fe, 0.02% or less (excluding 0%) of Mn, 0.1 to 0.3% of Mg, 0.01% or less (excluding 0%) of Ni, 0.02% or less (excluding 0%) of Ti, 0.1% or less (excluding 0%) of Zr, the balance of Al, and inevitable impurities, wherein an AlCuMgSi-based crystal is formed in an amount ranging from 0.3 to 0.9% and an Al.sub.2Cu-based precipitate is formed in an amount ranging from 3.3 to 4.0%, wherein percentage (%) is based on weight.

Disclosed is a high elasticity aluminum alloy including a titanium compound. In particular, the high elasticity aluminum alloy includes Ti and B and the composition ratio of Ti and B is from about 3.5 to about 6:1. In addition, B is included in an amount of about 0.5 to 2 wt % in the high elasticity aluminum alloy, and both of Al.sub.3Ti and TiB.sub.2 phases are included therein as a reinforcement phase. Methods for producing the high elasticity aluminum alloy are also disclosed.

Provided is a thermoelectric material which can increase its anomalous Nernst angle. The thermoelectric material of a magnetic material for a thermoelectric power generation device employs the anomalous Nernst effect, including iron doped with iridium.

An object is to provide a composite plating film excellent in the water-repellent property and oil-repellent property using a material that is less likely to accumulate in the environment, as substitute for a fluorine resin. A composite plating film is provided which includes an alloy matrix phase and a silicone dispersed in the alloy matrix phase. In the composite plating film, the silicone preferably has Hansen solubility parameters comprising a dispersion term .sub.D of 15 MPa.sup.1/2 or less, a polar term .sub.P of 3 MPa.sup.1/2 or less, and a hydrogen bonding term .sub.H of 3 MPa.sup.1/2 or less. The silicone preferably has an interaction radius of a Hansen solubility sphere of 5.0 MPa.sup.1/2 or less.