A ceramic composition for coating metallic surfaces, a method and a resulting ceramic layer, which layer refers to a ceramic composition which, after deposition, is subjected to a thermal treatment to generate a ceramic layer. The resulting ceramic layer displays, among other characteristics, appropriate adhesion to the metallic surface and remains stable at temperatures between 750 C. and 950 C.

A glass lined reaction tank for chemical and pharmaceutical industries and a manufacturing method thereof. One-step molding technical standards for manufacturing iron blanks of the glass lined reaction tanks are deeply developed, an overall structure of a flanged big flange of a tank body and a tank cover matching with the tank body are innovated, and nominal pressure of the big flange and the sealing performance of a tank mouth are perfectly improved. By using a new structurally-combined precise controlled internal heating type electric furnace and an intelligent temperature program control/adjustment/recording instrument, heating temperature of an overall glass lining layer on an inner wall of the tank body is more accurately controlled to be the same, and a synchronous, integral and controlled sintering core technique is realized.

A glass lined reaction tank for chemical and pharmaceutical industries and a manufacturing method thereof. One-step molding technical standards for manufacturing iron blanks of the glass lined reaction tanks are deeply developed, an overall structure of a flanged big flange of a tank body and a tank cover matching with the tank body are innovated, and nominal pressure of the big flange and the sealing performance of a tank mouth are perfectly improved. By using a new structurally-combined precise controlled internal heating type electric furnace and an intelligent temperature program control/adjustment/recording instrument, heating temperature of an overall glass lining layer on an inner wall of the tank body is more accurately controlled to be the same, and a synchronous, integral and controlled sintering core technique is realized.

A substrate for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, an oxide layer formed on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, and a glass layer of electrically-insulating bismuth-based glass formed in a form of layer on the surface of the oxide layer. Also disclosed is a sheet for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, and an oxide layer on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, the oxide layer having a thickness of not less than 30 nm.

A substrate for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, an oxide layer formed on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, and a glass layer of electrically-insulating bismuth-based glass formed in a form of layer on the surface of the oxide layer. Also disclosed is a sheet for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, and an oxide layer on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, the oxide layer having a thickness of not less than 30 nm.

Disclosed is a hot-rolled steel for enameling having an enameling and firing strengthening property, comprising, in addition to Fe and inevitable impurities, the following chemical elements in mass percent: C: 0.03-0.07%, Si0.05%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, Cr: 0.25-0.65%, Cu: 0.02-0.20%, Ti: 0.01-0.08%, V: 0.01-0.10%, and Mo: 0.01-0.10%. Accordingly, further disclosed is a manufacturing method for the hot-rolled steel for enameling, comprising the steps of: (1) smelting and casting; (2) heating; (3) hot rolling, the temperature of rough rolling being controlled to be greater than 850 C., the start temperature of finish rolling being controlled to be 900-1050 C., and the final temperature of finish rolling being controlled to be 840-900 C.; (4) laminar cooling, the cooling speed being controlled to be 10-35 C./s; and (5) coiling. The hot-rolled steel for enameling provided by the present invention has low strength and good formability in a hot-rolled state, and after high-temperature enameling and firing, the yield strength of the hot-rolled steel for enameling is not decreased but increased, such that the strength of a final enamel product can be effectively improved.

A nanocomposite material that can withstand prolonged contact with molten glass and glass precursor melts may include a cermet substrate and a glass reaction material overlying the cermet substrate. The cermet substrate may include a refractory metal matrix and ceramic particles embedded in the refractory metal matrix, and the glass reaction material may be the reaction product of molten glass and the cermet substrate in an inert environment. The nanocomposite material can be used to construct any kind of structure, such as an impeller or a vessel liner, that may be exposed to molten glass or glass precursor melts.

A nanocomposite material that can withstand prolonged contact with molten glass and glass precursor melts may include a cermet substrate and a glass reaction material overlying the cermet substrate. The cermet substrate may include a refractory metal matrix and ceramic particles embedded in the refractory metal matrix, and the glass reaction material may be the reaction product of molten glass and the cermet substrate in an inert environment. The nanocomposite material can be used to construct any kind of structure, such as an impeller or a vessel liner, that may be exposed to molten glass or glass precursor melts.

Provided are an enamel coating method and apparatus. The enamel coating method includes (a) preprocessing a surface of the metal tube by feeding the metal tube into a preprocessing chamber by an in-feed conveyor; (b) coating the surface of the metal tube with an enamel glaze supplied from an enamel glaze supply nozzle provided inside a coating chamber by feeding the preprocessed metal tube into the coating chamber; and (c) firing the coated metal tube by feeding the coated metal tube into a firing chamber, wherein the (b) coating includes spraying air toward the metal tube by an air spray nozzle provided inside the coating chamber.

A method for manufacturing a watch component (2) having a coloured enamelled plating (10), including the following steps: providing a substrate (20) chosen among materials capable of withstanding an enamel firing temperature; preparing (22) a coloured enamel composition constituting the coloured enamel plating of the watch component (2), the step (22) involving the encapsulation (24) of colour pigments in transparent protective shells made of inorganic material and the mixing (25) of the encapsulated colour pigments with an enamel preparation; applying (27) at least one layer of prepared coloured enamel composition to a receiving zone (8) on the substrate; and firing (28) the layer of coloured enamel composition comprised in the receiving zone (8).