A method for cleaning a metal surface of a metal component of an industrial plant is disclosed comprising measuring the electrical resistance R.sub.A1 of a metal component over a cleaned area of the metal surface with a resistance meter, comparing the electrical resistance R.sub.A1 measured with a pre-determined electrical resistance value R.sub.DET, assessing whether R.sub.A1 is greater, smaller or equal to R.sub.DET, and repeating cleaning if the electrical resistance R.sub.A1 measured is greater than R.sub.DET, or terminating cleaning of the surface area of the metal component if R.sub.A1 is smaller than or identical to R.sub.DET.

A material removal method comprises receiving a component that includes a component body and a coating on the component body, the component body comprising metallic first material, and the coating comprising a second material that is different from the first material, wherein the component is a component of an item of rotational equipment. The method also includes receiving a solution comprising nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and subjecting at least a portion of the coating to the solution in supercritical condition in order to remove at least some of the second material from the component, wherein a chemistry of the solution is selected such that the solution is substantially non-reactive with the first material.

A manufacturing method of a steel sheet includes: a step of performing continuous casting of molten steel having a Si content of 0.4 mass % to 3.0 mass % to obtain a slab; a step of performing hot rolling of the slab to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing cold rolling of the hot-rolled steel sheet to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing cold-rolled sheet annealing of the cold-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing pickling after the cold-rolled sheet annealing; a step of performing water washing after the pickling; and a step of performing drying after the water washing. A dew point is set to 35 C. or lower in the cold-rolled sheet annealing, an electrical conductivity of a rinse water to be used in the water washing is set to 5.0 mS/m or less, a water-washing time is set to 15 seconds or less in the water washing, and the drying is started within 60 seconds from an end of the water washing.

A manufacturing method of a steel sheet includes: a step of performing continuous casting of molten steel having a Si content of 0.4 mass % to 3.0 mass % to obtain a slab; a step of performing hot rolling of the slab to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing cold rolling of the hot-rolled steel sheet to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing cold-rolled sheet annealing of the cold-rolled steel sheet; a step of performing pickling after the cold-rolled sheet annealing; a step of performing water washing after the pickling; and a step of performing drying after the water washing. A dew point is set to 35 C. or lower in the cold-rolled sheet annealing, an electrical conductivity of a rinse water to be used in the water washing is set to 5.0 mS/m or less, a water-washing time is set to 15 seconds or less in the water washing, and the drying is started within 60 seconds from an end of the water washing.

The present disclosure provides a drying chamber (condenser) including a container having a steam intake opening, the condenser liquefying steam taken from the steam intake opening into the container, and the drying chamber including a cooling pipe which is disposed in the container and through which coolant circulates.

The present disclosure provides a drying chamber (condenser) including a container having a steam intake opening, the condenser liquefying steam taken from the steam intake opening into the container, and the drying chamber including a cooling pipe which is disposed in the container and through which coolant circulates.

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a metal-polymer resin bonded body, including: degreasing metal using a degreasing solution; etching the metal using an etching solution; electrolyzing the metal using an electrolyte solution; and performing a polymer resin injection to bond a polymer resin to the metal, wherein the electrolyte solution includes a compound containing distilled water, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, and carboxylic acid.

Atomic layer etching (ALE) processes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise at least one etch cycle in which the substrate is alternately and sequentially exposed to a first vapor phase non-metal halide reactant and a second vapor phase halide reactant. In some embodiments both the first and second reactants are chloride reactants. In some embodiments the first reactant is fluorinating gas and the second reactant is a chlorinating gas. In some embodiments a thermal ALE cycle is used in which the substrate is not contacted with a plasma reactant.

Atomic layer etching (ALE) processes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise at least one etch cycle in which the substrate is alternately and sequentially exposed to a first vapor phase non-metal halide reactant and a second vapor phase halide reactant. In some embodiments both the first and second reactants are chloride reactants. In some embodiments the first reactant is fluorinating gas and the second reactant is a chlorinating gas. In some embodiments a thermal ALE cycle is used in which the substrate is not contacted with a plasma reactant.

A plant for cleaning rolled metal strips provided with a superficial layer of oxide, the plant comprising unwinding means for unwinding at least one coil of rolled strip and pickling means for pickling said rolled strip; wherein there are provided measuring means for measuring the thickness of the superficial layer of oxide, arranged between said unwinding means and said pickling means. A relating cleaning method is also claimed.