An electrode catalyst in which a metal or a metal oxide is supported on an electrode support composed of a conductive substance is provided. It is preferable that the electrode support contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a carbon material and the metal or the metal oxide contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a metal oxide.

An electrode catalyst in which a metal or a metal oxide is supported on an electrode support composed of a conductive substance is provided. It is preferable that the electrode support contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a carbon material and the metal or the metal oxide contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a metal oxide.

An electrode for evolution of gas in electrolytic processes having a substrate of valve metal and a catalytic coating having two layers. A first layer having oxides of valve metal, ruthenium and iridium and a second layer having one or more metals chosen from amongst elements of the platinum group.

An electrode for evolution of gas in electrolytic processes having a substrate of valve metal and a catalytic coating having two layers. A first layer having oxides of valve metal, ruthenium and iridium and a second layer having one or more metals chosen from amongst elements of the platinum group.

A solar and electrolytic system includes a moisture harvesting solar system that includes a photovoltaic module having a light receiving surface, a water collection subassembly, and a cleaning subassembly, The water collection subassembly has a water collection vessel and the cleaning subassembly has a water dispensing unit fluidly coupled to the water collection vessel. The solar and electrolytic system also includes an electrolysis cell with an anode and a cathode each extending into an electrolysis tank and each electrically coupled to a power supply. One or more intersystem fluid pathways fluidly couple the water collection vessel of the moisture harvesting solar system with the electrolysis tank of the electrolysis cell and one or more electrical pathways electrically couple the photovoltaic module of the moisture harvesting solar system with the power supply of the electrolysis cell.

Disclosed are a zirconium-based metal-organic framework material and a preparation method thereof. Plasma-activated water or strong acid electrolyzed water is added to a raw material system for preparing a zirconium-based metal-organic framework material UiO-66, and they are then subjected to a reaction to obtain a crude product. The crude product is subjected to a post-treatment to obtain the zirconium-based metal-organic framework material UiO-66.

Disclosed are a zirconium-based metal-organic framework material and a preparation method thereof. Plasma-activated water or strong acid electrolyzed water is added to a raw material system for preparing a zirconium-based metal-organic framework material UiO-66, and they are then subjected to a reaction to obtain a crude product. The crude product is subjected to a post-treatment to obtain the zirconium-based metal-organic framework material UiO-66.

There is provided a fluorine gas production device in which, even when an electrolytic solution containing hydrogen fluoride is electrolyzed at a high current density, a recombination reaction in the electrolytic solution and a recombination reaction in gas phase parts of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber are less likely to occur and the electrolytic solution can be electrolyzed with high current efficiency to produce fluorine gas. The fluorine gas production device includes an electrolytic cell (1), a partition wall (7) extending downward in the vertical direction from the ceiling surface inside the electrolytic cell (1) to partition the electrolytic cell (1) into an anode chamber (12) and a cathode chamber (14), an anode (3), and a cathode (5). The lower end of the partition wall (7) is immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) and a length (H) in the vertical direction of a portion immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) of the partition wall (7) is 10% or more and 30% or less of the distance from the bottom surface inside the electrolytic cell (1) to the liquid level of the electrolytic solution (10). The cathode (5) is completely immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) and the upper end of the cathode (5) is arranged at a lower position in the vertical direction relative to the lower end of the partition wall (7). The anode 3 is partially exposed from the liquid level of the electrolytic solution (10).

There is provided a fluorine gas production device in which, even when an electrolytic solution containing hydrogen fluoride is electrolyzed at a high current density, a recombination reaction in the electrolytic solution and a recombination reaction in gas phase parts of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber are less likely to occur and the electrolytic solution can be electrolyzed with high current efficiency to produce fluorine gas. The fluorine gas production device includes an electrolytic cell (1), a partition wall (7) extending downward in the vertical direction from the ceiling surface inside the electrolytic cell (1) to partition the electrolytic cell (1) into an anode chamber (12) and a cathode chamber (14), an anode (3), and a cathode (5). The lower end of the partition wall (7) is immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) and a length (H) in the vertical direction of a portion immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) of the partition wall (7) is 10% or more and 30% or less of the distance from the bottom surface inside the electrolytic cell (1) to the liquid level of the electrolytic solution (10). The cathode (5) is completely immersed in the electrolytic solution (10) and the upper end of the cathode (5) is arranged at a lower position in the vertical direction relative to the lower end of the partition wall (7). The anode 3 is partially exposed from the liquid level of the electrolytic solution (10).

An ion exchange membrane separated two electrode flow analyzer for continuous aqueous electrochemical heavy metal detection is disclosed. The electrochemical cell includes a gas diffusion counter/reference electrode, a flooded flow through working electrode, and an ion exchange membrane that separates the gas diffusion counter/reference electrode and the flooded flow through working electrode. A method of continuous fluid analysis using a multi-electrode flow analyzer is also disclosed, including passing an aqueous sample through a first inlet flow area and into a working electrode of a multi-electrode flow analyzer, passing a gas mixture through a second inlet flow area and into a counter/reference electrode of the multi-electrode flow analyzer, depositing an analyte onto a surface of the working electrode, stripping the analyte from the surface of the working electrode by sweeping a range of a potential applied to the surface of the working electrode.