An apparatus includes a template-former, a growth template, having a surface area containing three-dimensional features; a container which includes or retains electrolytes or other fluids from which materials are deposited, removed, or modified onto the growth template or to a structure-in-production; and a computer to plan and control said deposition, removal, or modification.

An apparatus includes a template-former, a growth template, having a surface area containing three-dimensional features; a container which includes or retains electrolytes or other fluids from which materials are deposited, removed, or modified onto the growth template or to a structure-in-production; and a computer to plan and control said deposition, removal, or modification.

Process for manufacturing a printhead for a 3D manufacturing system that uses metal electrodeposition to construct parts. The printhead may be constructed by depositing layers on top of a backplane that contains control and power circuits. Deposited layers may include insulating layers and an anode layer that contain deposition anodes that are in contact with the electrolyte to drive electrodeposition. Insulating layers may for example be constructed of silicon nitride or silicon dioxide; the anode layer may contain an insoluble conductive material such as platinum group metals and their associated oxides, highly doped semiconducting materials, and carbon based conductors. The anode layer may be deposited using chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition. Alternatively in one or more embodiments the printhead may be constructed by manufacturing a separate anode plane component, and then bonding the anode plane to the backplane.

A metal nanolaminate includes a plurality of units stacked in a longitudinal direction of the metal nanolaminate. Each of the units includes a first layer and a second layer stacked in the longitudinal direction. The first layer includes a first metal material formed of a first metallic element and the second layer includes the first metal material and a second metal material formed of a second metallic element. Each of the first layer and the second layer has a thickness of at least 5 nm but less than 100 nm in the longitudinal direction.

Described is a micro-lattice damping material and a method for repeatable energy absorption. The micro-lattice damping material is a cellular material formed of a three-dimensional interconnected network of hollow tubes. This material is operable to provide high damping, specifically acoustic, vibration or shock damping, by utilizing the energy absorption mechanism of hollow tube buckling, which is rendered repeatable by the micro-lattice architecture.

Proposed are an anodic aluminum oxide mold capable of manufacturing a molded article having at least a portion with a dimensional range of several tens of μm, and a mold structure including the same. Additionally, proposed are a method of manufacturing a molded article with a dimensional range of several tens of μm using the anodic aluminum oxide mold, and a molded article manufactured thereby.

Proposed are an anodic aluminum oxide mold capable of manufacturing a molded article having at least a portion with a dimensional range of several tens of μm, and a mold structure including the same. Additionally, proposed are a method of manufacturing a molded article with a dimensional range of several tens of μm using the anodic aluminum oxide mold, and a molded article manufactured thereby.

A method of fabricating a multi-tone amplitude photomask includes providing a mask substrate. The method includes providing a stepped pattern in at least one layer of material on a surface of the mask substrate. The stepped pattern includes at least two steps and at least three levels. Each level of the stepped pattern provides a different intensity of light when a light source shines light on the stepped pattern.

A nickel-cobalt material and component includes a thermally stabilized nickel-cobalt alloy. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein includes nanocrystalline grain structures, pinning, such as Zener pinning, and intragranular twinning. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein exhibits multiple properties including an improved fracture toughness, an increased thermal stability, and an improved ultimate tensile strength.

A system and method to form beam tunnels in interaction circuits. Forms, such as fibers or sheets can be located and secured above a substrate at a desired size and desired shape to form the final shape of the beam tunnels. Fiber holders can be utilized to position the forms above the substrate. A photoresist can then be applied over the substrate embedding the forms. A single exposure LIGA process can be performed on the photoresist, including the steps of ultraviolet photolithography, molding, and electroforming. After the process, the forms can be removed to leave the beam tunnels in the interaction circuits.