Disclosed are pretreatment compositions and associated methods for treating metal substrates with pretreatment compositions, including ferrous substrates, such as cold rolled steel and electrogalvanized steel. The pretreatment composition includes: a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal; free fluoride; and molybdenum. The methods include contacting the metal substrates with the pretreatment composition.

Disclosed are pretreatment compositions and associated methods for treating metal substrates with pretreatment compositions, including ferrous substrates, such as cold rolled steel and electrogalvanized steel. The pretreatment composition includes: a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal; free fluoride; and molybdenum. The methods include contacting the metal substrates with the pretreatment composition.

Provided is an electrically insulated component for use in a planar transformer. The insulated component may include a planar transformer conductive component having a first surface, a second surface and a plurality of edges. The insulated component may also include a first layer including an oxidized metal coating, as well as a second layer including an electrophoretically deposited (EPD) insulating coating. The EDP coating may include a polymer and an inorganic material. The first layer and the second layer may cover at least the first surface and the plurality of edges of the conductive component and the first layer may be disposed between the conductive component and the second layer. Also provided is a method of manufacturing of the electrically insulated component.

Provided is an electrically insulated component for use in a planar transformer. The insulated component may include a planar transformer conductive component having a first surface, a second surface and a plurality of edges. The insulated component may also include a first layer including an oxidized metal coating, as well as a second layer including an electrophoretically deposited (EPD) insulating coating. The EDP coating may include a polymer and an inorganic material. The first layer and the second layer may cover at least the first surface and the plurality of edges of the conductive component and the first layer may be disposed between the conductive component and the second layer. Also provided is a method of manufacturing of the electrically insulated component.

Provided herein are methods of forming a composite matrix on a porous substrate or a non-porous substrate, the methods including subjecting the substrate to a first deposition method to apply a first coating including first ceramic or metallic particles and form a coated substrate and subjecting the coated substrate to atomic layer deposition to apply a second coating and form the composite matrix, wherein the second coating includes second ceramic or metallic particles.

Disclosed are pretreatment compositions and associated methods for treating metal substrates with pretreatment compositions, including ferrous substrates, such as cold rolled steel and electrogalvanized steel. The pretreatment composition includes: a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal; free fluoride; and molybdenum. The methods include contacting the metal substrates with the pretreatment composition.

Disclosed are pretreatment compositions and associated methods for treating metal substrates with pretreatment compositions, including ferrous substrates, such as cold rolled steel and electrogalvanized steel. The pretreatment composition includes: a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal; free fluoride; and molybdenum. The methods include contacting the metal substrates with the pretreatment composition.

A process of producing a component includes providing a substrate having an electrically conductive surface in the form of an electrically conductive layer; subdividing the layer with the aid of a laser process into a first electrically autonomous region and a second electrically autonomous region, wherein an electrically insulating region is formed in the electrically conductive layer to electrically separate the electrically autonomous regions; forming an electrical potential difference between the first electrically autonomous region and the second electrically autonomous region; and applying an electrically charged substance or an electrically charged substance mixture onto the first electrically autonomous region and/or the second electrically autonomous region, wherein the electrically autonomous region and/or an amount of the applied electrically charged substance or of the electrically charged substance mixture are adjusted by the electrical potential difference.

A process of producing a component includes providing a substrate having an electrically conductive surface in the form of an electrically conductive layer; subdividing the layer with the aid of a laser process into a first electrically autonomous region and a second electrically autonomous region, wherein an electrically insulating region is formed in the electrically conductive layer to electrically separate the electrically autonomous regions; forming an electrical potential difference between the first electrically autonomous region and the second electrically autonomous region; and applying an electrically charged substance or an electrically charged substance mixture onto the first electrically autonomous region and/or the second electrically autonomous region, wherein the electrically autonomous region and/or an amount of the applied electrically charged substance or of the electrically charged substance mixture are adjusted by the electrical potential difference.

A process of producing a component includes providing a substrate having an electrically conductive surface in the form of an electrically conductive layer; subdividing the layer with the aid of a scratching process into a first electrically autonomous region and a second electrically autonomous region, wherein an electrically insulating region is formed in the electrically conductive layer to electrically separate the electrically autonomous regions; forming an electrical potential difference between the first electrically autonomous region and the second electrically autonomous region; and applying an electrically charged substance or an electrically charged substance mixture onto the first electrically autonomous region and/or the second electrically autonomous region, wherein the electrically autonomous region and/or an amount of the applied electrically charged substance or of the electrically charged substance mixture are adjusted by the electrical potential difference.