Disclosed are aqueous resinous dispersions that are electrodepositable and exhibit good anti-settling properties, as well as to their use to produce smooth, low gloss coatings. The aqueous resinous dispersions include an active hydrogen-containing, cationic salt group-containing polymer; a curing agent; and oxidized polyolefin particles.

Described herein are electrodeposited corrosion-resistant multilayer coating and claddings that comprises multiple nanoscale layers that periodically vary in electrodeposited species or electrodeposited microstructures. The coatings may comprise electrodeposited metals, ceramics, polymers or combinations thereof. Also described herein are methods for preparation of the coatings and claddings.

Described herein are electrodeposited corrosion-resistant multilayer coating and claddings that comprises multiple nanoscale layers that periodically vary in electrodeposited species or electrodeposited microstructures. The coatings may comprise electrodeposited metals, ceramics, polymers or combinations thereof. Also described herein are methods for preparation of the coatings and claddings.

A process for coating a metal article may include: preparing an electrolytic bath including a suspension of boron carbide particles in an aqueous solution including: at least one nickel (II) salt; and at least one phosphorous compound selected from: phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, or their salts; and immersing, in the electrolytic bath, a cathode and an anode, and carrying out electrodeposition by passing direct current in the electrolytic bath. The cathode may include the metal article to be coated. The boron carbide particles may have an average size greater than or equal to 0.01 micron (μm) and less than or equal to 2 μm. The boron carbide particles may have been pretreated with at least one carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof. The at least one carboxylic acid or the derivative thereof may have a solubility in water at 20° C. greater than 0.10 grams/liter.

A process for coating a metal article may include: preparing an electrolytic bath including a suspension of boron carbide particles in an aqueous solution including: at least one nickel (II) salt; and at least one phosphorous compound selected from: phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, or their salts; and immersing, in the electrolytic bath, a cathode and an anode, and carrying out electrodeposition by passing direct current in the electrolytic bath. The cathode may include the metal article to be coated. The boron carbide particles may have an average size greater than or equal to 0.01 micron (μm) and less than or equal to 2 μm. The boron carbide particles may have been pretreated with at least one carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof. The at least one carboxylic acid or the derivative thereof may have a solubility in water at 20° C. greater than 0.10 grams/liter.

A flexible electrically conductive structure includes: a first polymer layer; and an electrically conductive layer disposed on a surface of the first polymer layer, wherein the electrically conductive layer includes an electrically conductive metal and a nanocarbon material, and wherein the flexible wiring board is to be used with a bending portion provided at least one position of the electrically conductive layer.

A flexible electrically conductive structure includes: a first polymer layer; and an electrically conductive layer disposed on a surface of the first polymer layer, wherein the electrically conductive layer includes an electrically conductive metal and a nanocarbon material, and wherein the flexible wiring board is to be used with a bending portion provided at least one position of the electrically conductive layer.

The present invention refers to a method of manufacturing layered metal oxide particles, the method comprising: placing a metal electrode in an electrolyte; and applying an electrical voltage to the electrode, wherein the metal electrode forms the anode, to form a metal oxide layer on the electrode surface, wherein the electrical voltage applied is higher than the breakdown voltage of the metal oxide, thereby breaking down the metal oxide layer formed on the electrode surface into metal oxide particles that react with the electrolyte to form the layered metal oxide particles. The present invention also refers to a layered metal oxide particle obtained from the method, and a method of manufacturing a crystalline metal oxide nanosheet or a crystalline metal oxide nanoribbon.

The present invention refers to a method of manufacturing layered metal oxide particles, the method comprising: placing a metal electrode in an electrolyte; and applying an electrical voltage to the electrode, wherein the metal electrode forms the anode, to form a metal oxide layer on the electrode surface, wherein the electrical voltage applied is higher than the breakdown voltage of the metal oxide, thereby breaking down the metal oxide layer formed on the electrode surface into metal oxide particles that react with the electrolyte to form the layered metal oxide particles. The present invention also refers to a layered metal oxide particle obtained from the method, and a method of manufacturing a crystalline metal oxide nanosheet or a crystalline metal oxide nanoribbon.

A nozzle device includes a nozzle body and at least one second electrode. The nozzle body extends along a longitudinal axis, and has a top surface, a bottom surface for confronting a first electrode of a workpiece, a recess provided in the bottom surface, and a longitudinal channel extending downwardly from the top surface along the longitudinal axis to be in fluid communication with the recess. The longitudinal channel has an upper section and a lower tapered section which is tapered downwardly to form a lower communication port. The least one second electrode is disposed in the recess for being spaced apart from the first electrode.