A high temperature substrate coating to mitigate liquid metal embrittlement (LME) cracking in automobile vehicles includes a substrate. A coating is disposed on the substrate, the coating being one of a zinc-based material and an aluminum-based material, with the coating having a melting point of at least 500° C.

There is provided a substrate holder for holding a substrate including a first holding member having a first opening portion for exposing a first surface of the substrate, and a second holding member configured to hold the substrate together with the first holding member and having a second opening portion for exposing a second surface of the substrate, wherein the first holding member has at least one first external connection contact, and the second holding member has at least one second external connection contact that is independent of the first external connection contact.

There is provided a substrate holder for holding a substrate including a first holding member having a first opening portion for exposing a first surface of the substrate, and a second holding member configured to hold the substrate together with the first holding member and having a second opening portion for exposing a second surface of the substrate, wherein the first holding member has at least one first external connection contact, and the second holding member has at least one second external connection contact that is independent of the first external connection contact.

There is provided a substrate holder for holding a substrate including a first holding member having a first opening portion for exposing a first surface of the substrate, and a second holding member configured to hold the substrate together with the first holding member and having a second opening portion for exposing a second surface of the substrate, wherein the first holding member has at least one first external connection contact, and the second holding member has at least one second external connection contact that is independent of the first external connection contact.

There is provided a substrate holder for holding a substrate including a first holding member having a first opening portion for exposing a first surface of the substrate, and a second holding member configured to hold the substrate together with the first holding member and having a second opening portion for exposing a second surface of the substrate, wherein the first holding member has at least one first external connection contact, and the second holding member has at least one second external connection contact that is independent of the first external connection contact.

The workpiece holding jig includes a first frame body and a second frame body. Both frame bodies have a body, a conductive member, a contact member provided so as to be able to come into electrical contact with a periphery of a workpiece, and an inner circumferential seal member provided over an entire circumference of the body. Both frame bodies are configured to constitute a seal space for accommodating the periphery of the workpiece, the conductive member of both frame bodies, and the contact member of both frame bodies, in a state where each of the inner circumferential seal members and the contact member abut against the periphery of the workpiece from both sides. The first frame body and/or the second frame body has a liquid inlet port for filling the seal space with a liquid, and has an exhaust port for exhausting air in the seal space.

The workpiece holding jig includes a first frame body and a second frame body, both frame bodies each have a body, a conductive member, a contact member provided so as to be able to come into electrical contact with a periphery of a workpiece, and an inner circumferential seal member provided over an entire circumference of the body. Both frame bodies are configured to constitute a seal space for accommodating the periphery of the workpiece, the conductive member of both frame bodies, and the contact member of both frame bodies, in a state where each of the inner circumferential seal members and the contact member abut against the periphery of the workpiece from both sides. The conductive member of each of both frame bodies has a wide and thick shape so as to exhibit a substantially equal resistance value at a discretionary point in an entire circumference.

Exemplary substrate locking system, device, apparatus and method for chemical and/or electrolytic surface treatment of a substrate in a process fluid can be provided. For example, it is possible to provide a first element, a second element and a locking unit. The first element and the second element can be configured to hold the substrate between each other. The locking unit can be configured to lock the first element and the second element with each other. The locking unit can comprise a magnet control device and a magnet. The magnet can be arranged at or near the first element and/or the second element. The magnet control device can be configured to control a magnetic force between the first element and the second element.

An electrode for electroplating or electrodeposition of a metal and to the method for obtaining the same is provided. The electrode has a conductive substrate, at least one layer of an electrochemically active coating placed on the substrate, and at least one topcoating layer of valve metal.

An electrode for electroplating or electrodeposition of a metal and to the method for obtaining the same is provided. The electrode has a conductive substrate, at least one layer of an electrochemically active coating placed on the substrate, and at least one topcoating layer of valve metal.