Provided are a diamond composite body capable of shortening a separation time for separating a substrate and a diamond layer, the substrate, and a method for manufacturing a diamond, as well as a diamond obtained from the diamond composite body and a tool including the diamond. The diamond composite body includes a substrate including a diamond seed crystal and having grooves in a main surface, a diamond layer formed on the main surface of the substrate, and a non-diamond layer formed on a substrate side at a constant depth from an interface between the substrate and the diamond layer.

The use of dry electrolytes to strip vapor or thermal spray deposition coated metal surfaces through ion transport, wherein the conductive liquid of the dry electrolyte comprises at least a sulfonic acid.

The use of dry electrolytes to strip vapor or thermal spray deposition coated metal surfaces through ion transport, wherein the conductive liquid of the dry electrolyte comprises at least a sulfonic acid.

Methods and systems for use in targeted removal of metals from a substrate via electrorefining are described. A self-propagating reaction is initiated by use of a thermite to reach high temperatures sufficient to induce localized melting of a salt situated on a metal or alloy substrate. Using a power supply connected to an electrode assembly, an electrorefining reaction capable of generating significant localized corrosion of the substrate is produced.

A benefit agent delivery system whereby benefit agents can be delivered on demand. The benefit agent delivery system comprises a first electrode layer, a microcell layer, a sealing layer, and a second electrode layer. The microcell layer comprises a plurality of microcells, each microcell of the plurality of microcells containing a carrier and a benefit agent, and a metallic layer spanning an opening of each microcell of the plurality of microcells. Application of an electric field across a microcell causes the removal of at least a portion of the metallic layer from the microcell opening, and enabling the benefit agent to be delivered from the benefit agent delivery system.

A benefit agent delivery system whereby benefit agents can be delivered on demand. The benefit agent delivery system comprises a first electrode layer, a microcell layer, a sealing layer, and a second electrode layer. The microcell layer comprises a plurality of microcells, each microcell of the plurality of microcells containing a carrier and a benefit agent, and a metallic layer spanning an opening of each microcell of the plurality of microcells. Application of an electric field across a microcell causes the removal of at least a portion of the metallic layer from the microcell opening, and enabling the benefit agent to be delivered from the benefit agent delivery system.

The present disclosure provides a system for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals, comprising an anode, a cathode, an electroplating solution and an electroplating tank; wherein the anode is a lead frame or a printed circuit board with valuable metals thereon; the anode and the cathode connected to the power supply is disposed within the electroplating tank; the electroplating solution is disposed within the electroplating tank and is a microbial liquid. The present disclosure also provides a method for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals using the system for stripping which is powered on, wherein the valuable metals on the anode made of copper are stripped effectively after being powered on. The system and the method for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals of the present disclosure exhibit advantageous effects including shortening stripping time for valuable metals, significantly lowering the use of chemicals, low environmental pollution, design with low complexity, recycling valuable metals with high value.

The present disclosure provides a system for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals, comprising an anode, a cathode, an electroplating solution and an electroplating tank; wherein the anode is a lead frame or a printed circuit board with valuable metals thereon; the anode and the cathode connected to the power supply is disposed within the electroplating tank; the electroplating solution is disposed within the electroplating tank and is a microbial liquid. The present disclosure also provides a method for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals using the system for stripping which is powered on, wherein the valuable metals on the anode made of copper are stripped effectively after being powered on. The system and the method for environmentally friendly stripping valuable metals of the present disclosure exhibit advantageous effects including shortening stripping time for valuable metals, significantly lowering the use of chemicals, low environmental pollution, design with low complexity, recycling valuable metals with high value.

In a method for separating an electrode, an electrode including an electrode current collector and an electrode active material layer, together with a counter electrode electrically connected to the electrode are partially immersed in a conductive solution. An electrical signal is applied. The application of the electrical signal may improve separation efficiency. In addition, the reuse efficiency of the electrode active material may be improved.

In a method for separating an electrode, an electrode including an electrode current collector and an electrode active material layer, together with a counter electrode electrically connected to the electrode are partially immersed in a conductive solution. An electrical signal is applied. The application of the electrical signal may improve separation efficiency. In addition, the reuse efficiency of the electrode active material may be improved.