The present invention relates to a method for measuring a mutation rate, comprising preparing a library for next generation sequencing (NGS). Accordingly, the present invention can measure the effect of drugs, radiation, gene composition, aging, and various stresses experienced by an individual, etc. on the occurrence of mutations in a subject sample, and thus can be used for testing, diagnosis, management and evaluation related to toxicity tests, medical tests, maintenance and management of health, etc.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring a mutation rate, comprising preparing a library for next generation sequencing (NGS). Accordingly, the present invention can measure the effect of drugs, radiation, gene composition, aging, and various stresses experienced by an individual, etc. on the occurrence of mutations in a subject sample, and thus can be used for testing, diagnosis, management and evaluation related to toxicity tests, medical tests, maintenance and management of health, etc.

The present disclosure describes systems and methods to construct genomic DNA fragments library by stretching genomic DNA over an adapter-modified chip; using an enzyme cocktail comprising a first restriction enzyme, a ligase, and a second restriction enzyme to cut the genomic DNA into fragments and ligate the fragments to the adapters on the chip; and amplifying thus-obtained DNA by PCR amplification.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a gene rearrangement on the basis of next generation sequencing (NGS) and, more specifically, to a method for arranging and extracting read data generated by NGS, analyzing the sequence similarity of the extracted read data so as to detect a gene rearrangement present in a cancer sample and, further, detecting the direction of the gene rearrangement, micro-homology sequences and external insertion sequences and positions. According to the method for detecting a gene rearrangement by using NGS, a gene rearrangement can be detected and the direction of the gene rearrangement, micro-homology sequences, external insertion sequences and the position of gene rearrangement can be accurately differentiated into units of base pairs through the reads obtained from the NGS. In addition, a search can be performed even in concordant read pairs, which have not been searched for by a conventional method, such that accuracy is high, and the time required for the detection can be reduced because only regions of genes related to a specific cancer or tumor can be searched for as the priority. Therefore, the method of the present invention is useful for effectively detecting a gene rearrangement in a cancer sample.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a gene rearrangement on the basis of next generation sequencing (NGS) and, more specifically, to a method for arranging and extracting read data generated by NGS, analyzing the sequence similarity of the extracted read data so as to detect a gene rearrangement present in a cancer sample and, further, detecting the direction of the gene rearrangement, micro-homology sequences and external insertion sequences and positions. According to the method for detecting a gene rearrangement by using NGS, a gene rearrangement can be detected and the direction of the gene rearrangement, micro-homology sequences, external insertion sequences and the position of gene rearrangement can be accurately differentiated into units of base pairs through the reads obtained from the NGS. In addition, a search can be performed even in concordant read pairs, which have not been searched for by a conventional method, such that accuracy is high, and the time required for the detection can be reduced because only regions of genes related to a specific cancer or tumor can be searched for as the priority. Therefore, the method of the present invention is useful for effectively detecting a gene rearrangement in a cancer sample.

Systems, methods, and compositions provided herein relate to preparation of beads encapsulating biomolecules for performing sequential reactions on the biomolecules. Some embodiments include preparation of nucleic acid reactions within the bead, wherein the bead includes pores that allow diffusion of molecules into or out of the beads while retaining other molecules of interest.

Systems, methods, and compositions provided herein relate to preparation of beads encapsulating biomolecules for performing sequential reactions on the biomolecules. Some embodiments include preparation of nucleic acid reactions within the bead, wherein the bead includes pores that allow diffusion of molecules into or out of the beads while retaining other molecules of interest.

In traditional plant breeding approaches, chemical mutagenesis may be utilized to introduce nucleotide substitutions at random in the genome of a plant, i.e. without possibilities to control the sites of nucleotide changes. Because of genome complexities, the statistical probability is extremely little when it comes to finding a predetermined nucleotide substitution. The present invention, however, demonstrates how a novel, alternative use of digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), preferably droplet dPCR (ddPCR), is developed to exploit finding of specific nucleotide substitutions in mutated genes. The entire platform comprises a screening method with a library of mutagenized organisms, digital PCR-based systems and a set-up to propagate and analyze identified, mutated organisms.

Compositions which are fragrant and contain at least a member set culled from a library of compositions, each being comprised of sub-combinations of selected terpenes. Fragrances that mimic that of various states of organic and synthetic aromatics including products, processes and those from non-combusted plant products, among other things, uniquitous products, processes, medicinals, and related moieties leverage databases of all known terpene groupings are offered for consideration, and have been provided, according to the instant teachings.

Compositions which are fragrant and contain at least a member set culled from a library of compositions, each being comprised of sub-combinations of selected terpenes. Fragrances that mimic that of various states of organic and synthetic aromatics including products, processes and those from non-combusted plant products, among other things, uniquitous products, processes, medicinals, and related moieties leverage databases of all known terpene groupings are offered for consideration, and have been provided, according to the instant teachings.