Embodiments discloses herein relate to methods of processing coal. A method to process coal includes subjecting raw coal to a liquefaction process effective to form a liquid pitch resin and subjecting the liquid pitch resin to a filtration process. The method further includes subjecting the liquid pitch resin to a low crystallinity spinning process to form a raw fiber. The raw fiber is then further subjected to a stabilization process configured to oxygen cross-link the fiber to form a stabilized fiber and then subjecting the stabilized fiber to a carbonization process to form a low thermal conductivity carbon fiber.

The present disclosure concerns nanofibers and methods of forming these nanofibers thereof. The method of forming nanofiber comprises providing 2D materials with charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends, reacting the charge bearing moieties on the planar surfaces with proton donors, proton acceptors, at least partially hydrophobic counterions or a second 2D materials with oppositely charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends in order to curl the 2D material, simultaneously reacting the charge bearing moieties at the ends with proton donors, proton acceptors, at least partially hydrophobic counterions or the second 2D materials with oppositely charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends, and crosslinking the neutralised charge bearing moieties at the ends in order for the 2D materials to interact with each other to form the nanofiber.

High-melting antimicrobial polymer fibers and antimicrobial fabrics comprising such fibers are prepared by preparing a masterbatch of polymer pellets (e.g., PET), silver and copper salts, and a compounding agent which provides free flowing polymer pellets which can be prepared in advance, with a long shelf life. Polymer masterbatches prepared by the methods of the invention can produce limited color or off-white antimicrobial fibers and fabrics using conventional melt spinning manufacturing methods. Fabrics incorporating fibers of the present invention are potent inhibitors of Athlete's foot fungi, gram negative and gram positive bacteria, and drug resistant pathogens.

The present disclosure relates to aerogels (e.g., superelastic, ultralight and/or thermal super-insulating aerogels), methods for preparation of such aerogels and uses of such aerogels. For example, the methods for preparation can comprise: freezing a suspension comprising high aspect ratio microfibers; and freeze-drying the frozen suspension to obtain the aerogel.

A recycling method of waste fishnet is provided. The waste fishnet is processed with steps of cutting, removing impurities, cleaning, and drying to form fishnet chips. The recycling method of waste fishnet includes the following steps. The fishnet chips are mixed with nylon-66, wherein the fishnet chips are of 70% by weight, and nylon-66 is of 30% by weight. The mixture is heated and molten. The molten mixture is then processed with the step of granulation. The grains are then processed with the step of spinning Thereby, the waste fishnet can be recycled and transferred into useful plastic materials.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to cooling films comprising a substrate and one or more cooling materials deposited on the substrate. The disclosed cooling films can be used to prepare the disclosed cooling masterbatch materials. The disclosed cooling masterbatch materials can be used to prepare disclosed cooling yarns. The one or more cooling materials deposited on the substrate of a disclosed cooling film, dispersed in a disclosed cooling masterbatch material, or in disclosed cooling yarn are nano-sized particles. In still further aspects, the present disclosure pertains to a fabric comprising a disclosed cooling yarn. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to cooling films comprising a substrate and one or more cooling materials deposited on the substrate. The disclosed cooling films can be used to prepare the disclosed cooling masterbatch materials. The disclosed cooling masterbatch materials can be used to prepare disclosed cooling yarns. The one or more cooling materials deposited on the substrate of a disclosed cooling film, dispersed in a disclosed cooling masterbatch material, or in disclosed cooling yarn are nano-sized particles. In still further aspects, the present disclosure pertains to a fabric comprising a disclosed cooling yarn. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Provided is a chemical-recycled PET fiber and a rubber-fiber composite product such as tires using it, with reduced degradation and excellent strength and durability. In order to accomplish the above task, the present disclosure is characterized by the use of at least one of terephthalic acid (TPA), dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) as a raw material, which are obtained by depolymerization of PET products.

A nonwoven web material including fibers formed of a polyolefin and a polyester is disclosed. The fibers may include fine fibers produced by, for example, a meltblowing process. The polyolefin may be polypropylene and the polyester may be polylactic acid. The polylactic acid may be obtained and included by recycling scrap nonwoven material containing a polylactic acid component, hydrolyzing the polylactic acid component to reduce its viscosity, blending the hydrolyzed polylactic acid with a polyolefin resin, and melt-spinning the blended material to form fibers. A related process is disclosed.

A nonwoven web material including fibers formed of a polyolefin and a polyester is disclosed. The fibers may include fine fibers produced by, for example, a meltblowing process. The polyolefin may be polypropylene and the polyester may be polylactic acid. The polylactic acid may be obtained and included by recycling scrap nonwoven material containing a polylactic acid component, hydrolyzing the polylactic acid component to reduce its viscosity, blending the hydrolyzed polylactic acid with a polyolefin resin, and melt-spinning the blended material to form fibers. A related process is disclosed.