Disclosed is a retro-reflective thread 100 including an internal section 10; a plurality of fibers 12, each fiber comprising a respective longitudinal axis and a respective surface and each fiber comprising a first material that is at least partially optically transmissive, and wherein said plurality of fibers are configured with their respective longitudinal axes substantially co-linearly aligned with one another and said plurality of fibers are interconnected in series around said internal section and wherein a first part 12b of said respective surface of each of said plurality of fibers faces into said internal section; and a reflective material 14 provided on said first part of said respective surface of each of said plurality of fibers.

A conductive fiber and a method for fabricating the conductive fiber are provided. The method for fabricating the conductive fiber includes the following steps. A first solution is provided, where the first solution includes a spinnable polymer dissolved in a first solvent, wherein the weight ratio of the spinnable polymer to the first solvent is from 5:95 to 20:80. A second solution is provided, wherein the second solution includes a conductive material dispersed in a second solvent, and the weight ratio of the conductive material to the second solvent is from 5:95 to 20:80. The shape of the conductive material is dendritic or snowflake-like. Next, a wet spinning process employing the first solution and the second solution is performed to obtain the conductive fiber.

A thermoplastic filament comprising multiple polymers of differing flow temperatures in a regular geometric arrangement, and a method for producing such a filament, are described. Because of the difference in flow temperatures, there exists a temperature range at which one polymer is mechanically stable while the other is flowable. This property is extremely useful for creating thermoplastic monofilament feedstock for three-dimensionally printed parts, wherein the mechanically stable polymer enables geometric stability while the flowable polymer can fill gaps and provide strong bonding and homogenization between deposited material lines and layers. These multimaterial filaments can be produced via thermal drawing from a thermoplastic preform, which itself can be three-dimensionally printed. Furthermore, the preform can be printed with precisely controlled and complex geometries, enabling the creation of monofilament and fiber with unique decorative or functional properties.

A thermoplastic filament comprising multiple polymers of differing flow temperatures in a regular geometric arrangement, and a method for producing such a filament, are described. Because of the difference in flow temperatures, there exists a temperature range at which one polymer is mechanically stable while the other is flowable. This property is extremely useful for creating thermoplastic monofilament feedstock for three-dimensionally printed parts, wherein the mechanically stable polymer enables geometric stability while the flowable polymer can fill gaps and provide strong bonding and homogenization between deposited material lines and layers. These multimaterial filaments can be produced via thermal drawing from a thermoplastic preform, which itself can be three-dimensionally printed. Furthermore, the preform can be printed with precisely controlled and complex geometries, enabling the creation of monofilament and fiber with unique decorative or functional properties.

A thermoplastic filament comprising multiple polymers of differing flow temperatures in a geometric arrangement and an interior channel containing a structural or functional thread therein is described. A method for producing such a filament is also described. Because of the difference in flow temperatures, there exists a temperature range at which one polymer is mechanically stable while the other is flowable. This property is extremely useful for creating thermoplastic monofilament feedstock for three-dimensionally printed parts, wherein the mechanically stable polymer enables geometric stability while the flowable polymer can fill gaps and provide strong bonding and homogenization between deposited material lines and layers. These multimaterial filaments can be produced via thermal drawing from a thermoplastic preform, which itself can be three-dimensionally printed. Furthermore, the preform can be printed with precisely controlled and complex geometries, enabling the creation of a filament or fiber with an interior thread contained within the outer, printed filament or fiber. This thread adds structural reinforcement or functional properties, such as electrical conductivity or optical waveguiding, to the filament.

A thermoplastic filament comprising multiple polymers of differing flow temperatures in a geometric arrangement and an interior channel containing a structural or functional thread therein is described. A method for producing such a filament is also described. Because of the difference in flow temperatures, there exists a temperature range at which one polymer is mechanically stable while the other is flowable. This property is extremely useful for creating thermoplastic monofilament feedstock for three-dimensionally printed parts, wherein the mechanically stable polymer enables geometric stability while the flowable polymer can fill gaps and provide strong bonding and homogenization between deposited material lines and layers. These multimaterial filaments can be produced via thermal drawing from a thermoplastic preform, which itself can be three-dimensionally printed. Furthermore, the preform can be printed with precisely controlled and complex geometries, enabling the creation of a filament or fiber with an interior thread contained within the outer, printed filament or fiber. This thread adds structural reinforcement or functional properties, such as electrical conductivity or optical waveguiding, to the filament.

Provided is a flexible electromagnetic wave shielding material. An electromagnetic wave shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention is implemented to include a conductive fiber web including a conductive composite fiber including a metal shell part covering an outside of a fiber part such that the conductive composite fiber forms multiple pores; and a first conductive component provided in at least some of the pores. The electromagnetic wave shielding material is so excellent in flexibility, elasticity, and creasing/recovery that the electromagnetic wave shielding material may be freely changed in shape, and can be brought in complete contact with a surface where the electromagnetic wave shielding material is intended to be disposed even if the surface has a curved shape such as an uneven portion or a stepped portion, thus exhibiting excellent electromagnetic wave shielding performance. Also, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the electromagnetic wave shielding performance even with various shape changes. Furthermore, even if parts are provided in a narrow area at a high density, the electromagnetic wave shielding material can be brought into complete contact with the mounted parts by overcoming a tight space between the parts and a stepped portion. Thus, the present invention can be easily employed for a light, thin, short, and small or flexible electronic device.

Provided is a flexible electromagnetic wave shielding material. An electromagnetic wave shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention is implemented to include a conductive fiber web including a conductive composite fiber including a metal shell part covering an outside of a fiber part such that the conductive composite fiber forms multiple pores; and a first conductive component provided in at least some of the pores. The electromagnetic wave shielding material is so excellent in flexibility, elasticity, and creasing/recovery that the electromagnetic wave shielding material may be freely changed in shape, and can be brought in complete contact with a surface where the electromagnetic wave shielding material is intended to be disposed even if the surface has a curved shape such as an uneven portion or a stepped portion, thus exhibiting excellent electromagnetic wave shielding performance. Also, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the electromagnetic wave shielding performance even with various shape changes. Furthermore, even if parts are provided in a narrow area at a high density, the electromagnetic wave shielding material can be brought into complete contact with the mounted parts by overcoming a tight space between the parts and a stepped portion. Thus, the present invention can be easily employed for a light, thin, short, and small or flexible electronic device.

The present disclosure generally relates to bi-component continuous filaments and articles made therefrom. In one embodiment, a bi-component continuous filament is disclosed, comprising a first polymer component forming a sheath; a second polymer component comprising a core that is surrounded by the sheath; and a binding agent adhering the first polymer component to the second polymer component along a length of the filament; wherein an elongation of the bi-component continuous filament is between 33.65.060.45.0 percent; and wherein a tenacity of the bi-component continuous filament is between 1.90.23.90.2 grams per denier (GPD). In some embodiments, the first polymer component comprises a polyamide, polyester, or polyolefin material, preferably a cationic polyamide or a cationic polyester, the second polymer component comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the binding agent comprises a polyolefin modified by maleic anhydride.

Provided is a three-dimensional modeling material used for a fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional modeling material has a multilayer structure and contains, in respective different layers, a thermoplastic resin (A) having a shear storage elastic modulus (G) of 1.0010.sup.7 Pa or less as measured at 100 C. and 1 Hz and a thermoplastic resin (B) having a shear storage elastic modulus (G) of more than 1.0010.sup.7 Pa as measured at 100 C. and 1 Hz.