A reinforcing fabric configured for intumescent material expansion includes a woven fabric. The woven fabric has a plurality of composite yarns. Each composite yarn includes a fire resistant component and a crimping component. The crimping component is bonded to the fire resistant component, where the fire resistant component is in a crimped state and the crimping component is in a relaxed state when bonded. The woven fabric is woven with the plurality of the composite yarns with the fire resistant component maintained in the crimped state and the crimping component maintained in the relaxed state in each of the composite yarns. When the woven fabric is imbedded in an intumescent material, the woven fabric is configured to reinforce the intumescent material during heat expansion, and mechanical loads from the expanding intumescent material, in a controlled and predictable manner.

A hybrid fiber cord includes a first yarn and a second yarn. The first yarn has a first ply length, a first twist number, and a first elongation at break. The second yarn has a second length greater than the first length, a second twist number, and a second elongation at break that is less than the first elongation at break. The first yarn and the second yarn have the same cord twist. The hybrid fiber cord has a third elongation at break that is greater than the second elongation at break.

A woven gauze fabric excellent in balance between breathability and heat-retaining property, transparency preventing property, and good touch feeling (softness). The woven gauze fabric includes a surface layer G.sub.1 and a back layer G.sub.3, wherein the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 are directly and/or indirectly joined together. The layer G.sub.1 is formed of a hollow yarn having a yarn count of 30-50 (both inclusive), and the layer G.sub.3 is formed of a hollow yarn having a yarn count of 30-50 (both inclusive). In a case where the woven gauze fabric is a triple gauze including a middle layer G.sub.2, the hollow yarn of the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 have a yarn count of 40-50 (both inclusive). In a case where the woven gauze fabric is a double gauze, the hollow yarn of the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 have a yarn count of 30-40 (both inclusive).

A woven gauze fabric excellent in balance between breathability and heat-retaining property, transparency preventing property, and good touch feeling (softness). The woven gauze fabric includes a surface layer G.sub.1 and a back layer G.sub.3, wherein the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 are directly and/or indirectly joined together. The layer G.sub.1 is formed of a hollow yarn having a yarn count of 30-50 (both inclusive), and the layer G.sub.3 is formed of a hollow yarn having a yarn count of 30-50 (both inclusive). In a case where the woven gauze fabric is a triple gauze including a middle layer G.sub.2, the hollow yarn of the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 have a yarn count of 40-50 (both inclusive). In a case where the woven gauze fabric is a double gauze, the hollow yarn of the layer G.sub.1 and G.sub.3 have a yarn count of 30-40 (both inclusive).

Provided are an apparatus for manufacturing a textile grid with increased adhesion and a method thereof capable of integrating the textile grid with a concrete structure by increasing the adhesion of the textile grid when the concrete structure is built, repaired, or reinforced, increasing structural safety and durability of the concrete structure, increasing a working speed by coating a surface of the textile grid with an abrasive material powder that is a surface coating material in an automatic series of processes immediately after the textile grid is manufactured, and increasing coating performance by automatically inspecting and adjusting the amount of the coating material applied to the surface of the textile grid using a camera.

Embodiments of a leno weave mesh of the present invention generally include a plurality of high-temperature weft yarns, high-temperature warp yarns, and low melting point warp yarns; wherein each low melting point warp yarn is intertwined with a high-temperature warp yarn, each intertwined pair of warp yarns is positioned such that the low melting point warp yarn and high-temperature warp yarn are disposed alternatingly on either side of the woven mesh at intersections of the weft and warp yarns, and the woven mesh is heated whereby the surfaces of the low melting point warp yarns adhere to the surface of the high-temperature warp yarns and said high-temperature weft yarns at contact points there between. An intumescent coating system employing embodiments of the mesh, and a method of providing thermal protection to a substrate utilizing the intumescent coating system, are also provided.

Embodiments of a leno weave mesh of the present invention generally include a plurality of high-temperature weft yarns, high-temperature warp yarns, and low melting point warp yarns; wherein each low melting point warp yarn is intertwined with a high-temperature warp yarn, each intertwined pair of warp yarns is positioned such that the low melting point warp yarn and high-temperature warp yarn are disposed alternatingly on either side of the woven mesh at intersections of the weft and warp yarns, and the woven mesh is heated whereby the surfaces of the low melting point warp yarns adhere to the surface of the high-temperature warp yarns and said high-temperature weft yarns at contact points there between. An intumescent coating system employing embodiments of the mesh, and a method of providing thermal protection to a substrate utilizing the intumescent coating system, are also provided.

Provided is a multiple gauze fabric having excellent friction strength while maintaining skin feel like twistless yarn fabric. The multiple gauze fabric is constituted from a first gauze structure as a front surface, a second gauze structure as a back surface, and a third gauze structure as an intermediate layer. The first gauze structure is formed using a first twisted yarn as a warp, and using a second twisted yarn as a weft. The second gauze structure is formed using a third twisted yarn as a weft, and a fourth twisted yarn as a warp. The third gauze structure is formed using a fifth twisted yarn as a warp, and a sixth twisted yarn as a weft. The twist coefficient of second and fourth twisted yarn is 3.0 or less. The twist coefficient of first, third, fifth and sixth twisted yarn is 3.3 or more.

Provided is a multiple gauze fabric having excellent friction strength while maintaining skin feel like twistless yarn fabric. The multiple gauze fabric is constituted from a first gauze structure as a front surface, a second gauze structure as a back surface, and a third gauze structure as an intermediate layer. The first gauze structure is formed using a first twisted yarn as a warp, and using a second twisted yarn as a weft. The second gauze structure is formed using a third twisted yarn as a weft, and a fourth twisted yarn as a warp. The third gauze structure is formed using a fifth twisted yarn as a warp, and a sixth twisted yarn as a weft. The twist coefficient of second and fourth twisted yarn is 3.0 or less. The twist coefficient of first, third, fifth and sixth twisted yarn is 3.3 or more.

A heat treatment furnace jig having a box-like frame including a rim part and a bottom part, the bottom part being removable from the rim part, and a removable net of woven strands disposed in the box-like frame and supported from below by the bottom part. The net has a triaxial weave of strands, each strand having a bundle of carbon fibers that are aligned without twisting, wherein, among the woven strands, strands of at least one direction are held by two strands in another direction, and the net is impregnated with a matrix material.